Understanding myocardial infarction

Saleh, Moussa; Ambrose, John A.

doi:10.12688/f1000research.15096.1

Cited by 191 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Anterior wall myocardial infarction (AWMI) has a destructive 1 2 3 4 course, but the inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI) can also be risky, especially if it involves the right ventricle. Right ventricular infarction (RVI) can severely interfere with the hemodynamics, conduction, and valvular irregularities, which can result in sudden death [1]. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of RVI in cases with acute IWMI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Right Ventricular Infarction in Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction

Ali¹,

Sarfraz²,

Fawad³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Background Ischemic heart disease, particularly inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI), is a significant issue in cardiac health. It can further add up to the morbidity and mortality when it is associated with right ventricular infarction (RVI). Elevated ST-segment elevations in the right chest lead number, three (V3R), and four (V4R), can be used to diagnose right ventricular infarction (RVI). The odds of RVI can be identified according to age groups, gender, and risk factors, including diabetes, hypertension, and smoking. This can help in the prevention of right ventricular infarct and its complications by controlling the risk factors which affect the outcome the most. Methods A sample of 1000 patients (n=1000) with acute IWMI was evaluated for the incidence of accompanying right ventricular infarct. These patients were then assessed for various known risk factors of myocardial infarction. Results Comparing the incidence of RVI against various risk factors, we found that there is an increased incidence of RVI in patients with risk factors that include hypertension and smoking. Conclusions The study suggests that IWMI can be accompanied by RVI in almost one-third of the cases, (36% in our study). The odds of RVI are highest in patients of hypertension, and the timely control of certain risk factors will result in reduced incidence and hence the complication associated with right ventricular infarction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Right Ventricular Infarction in Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction

Ali¹,

Sarfraz²,

Fawad³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…However, left ventricular dilatation leads to heart failure and eventual death and MI clearly represents a key pathology that requires therapy (Reddy 2015). Over the past 40 years, our understanding of MI has increased and, with this, so have the number of MI related publications (Saleh and Ambrose 2018).…”

Section: Large Animals Models For Treating Myocardial Disease Using Mscmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of large animals to facilitate the process of MSC going from laboratory to patient—‘bench to bedside’

Hotham

Henson

2020

Cell Biol Toxicol

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Large animal models have been widely used to facilitate the translation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from the laboratory to patient. MSC, with their multi-potent capacity, have been proposed to have therapeutic benefits in a number of pathological conditions. Laboratory studies allow the investigation of cellular and molecular interactions, while small animal models allow initial 'proof of concept' experiments. Large animals (dogs, pigs, sheep, goats and horses) are more similar physiologically and structurally to man. These models have allowed clinically relevant assessments of safety, efficacy and dosing of different MSC sources prior to clinical trials. In this review, we recapitulate the use of large animal models to facilitate the use of MSC to treat myocardial infarction-an example of one large animal model being considered the 'gold standard' for research and osteoarthritis-an example of the complexities of using different large animal models in a multifactorial disease. These examples show how large animals can provide a research platform that can be used to evaluate the value of cell-based therapies and facilitate the process of 'bench to bedside'. Keywords Mesenchymal stem cell. Large animal. Osteoarthritis. Myocardial infarction 'large' animal models). An animal is considered a 'large animal' when the species in question is non rodent, rabbit or guinea pig (Thomas et al. 2012). The more commonly used large animal models in research include horses, cows, pigs, sheep, goats, primates and dogs, and the choice of animal model depends on multiple factors, including

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“…However, the definition of this kind of event has been changed recently—not all cases now unavoidably involve a blood clot—to a discrepancy between the amount of oxygen that the cardiac muscle requires and the supply that it effectively receives. This discrepancy may lead to myocardial damage, usually in the left ventricle (Saleh and Ambrose, 2018 ). As in any other muscle tissue, the subsequent ischemia produces a necrotic wound and a reduction in the ability of the affected region to perform its normal function.…”

Section: Cardiac Muscle Regeneration and Angiogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastin-Based Materials: Promising Candidates for Cardiac Tissue Regeneration

Torre

Alonso

Rodríguez-Cabello

2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Stroke and cardiovascular episodes are still some of the most common diseases worldwide, causing millions of deaths and costing billions of Euros to healthcare systems. The use of new biomaterials with enhanced biological and physical properties has opened the door to new approaches in cardiovascular applications. Elastin-based materials are biomaterials with some of the most promising properties. Indeed, these biomaterials have started to yield good results in cardiovascular and angiogenesis applications. In this review, we explore the latest trends in elastin-derived materials for cardiac regeneration and the different possibilities that are being explored by researchers to regenerate an infarcted muscle and restore its normal function. Elastin-based materials can be processed in different manners to create injectable systems or hydrogel scaffolds that can be applied by simple injection or as patches to cover the damaged area and regenerate it. Such materials have been applied to directly regenerate the damaged cardiac muscle and to create complex structures, such as heart valves or new bio-stents that could help to restore the normal function of the heart or to minimize damage after a stroke. We will discuss the possibilities that elastin-based materials offer in cardiac tissue engineering, either alone or in combination with other biomaterials, in order to illustrate the wide range of options that are being explored. Moreover, although tremendous advances have been achieved with such elastin-based materials, there is still room for new approaches that could trigger advances in cardiac tissue regeneration.

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Understanding myocardial infarction

Cited by 191 publications

References 21 publications

Frequency of Right Ventricular Infarction in Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction

Frequency of Right Ventricular Infarction in Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction

The use of large animals to facilitate the process of MSC going from laboratory to patient—‘bench to bedside’

Elastin-Based Materials: Promising Candidates for Cardiac Tissue Regeneration

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