Understanding local ethnic inequalities in childhood BMI through cross-sectional analysis of routinely collected local data

Murphy, Marie; Johnson, Ronald W.; Parsons, Nicholas R.; Robertson, Wendy

doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7870-2

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In 2022, the larger foreign communities were Romanians, Moroccans, Albanians and Chinese. These countries have very different cultures and nutritional habits, but in this study, the parents' citizenship, after adjusting for the other socio-economic conditions, did not show a significant effect on childhood overweight and obesity, in contrast to other countries where ethnic differences have been observed [57,58].…”

Section: Overweight and Obesitycontrasting

confidence: 80%

Inequalities in Childhood Nutrition, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Obesity in Italy

Spinelli,

Censi,

Mandolini

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Unhealthy diets, physical inactivity and high body mass index (BMI) are preventable risk factors for non-communicable diseases throughout a person’s lifespan. The higher prevalence of these risk factors in children from lower socio-economic groups has been generally observed. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of parents’ socio-economic conditions on children’s consumption of fruit, vegetables and sugar-sweetened drinks, and inactivity, sedentary behaviour, overweight and obesity. This study used data from the sixth cross-sectional survey of the surveillance “OKkio alla Salute” (Italian COSI), involving 2467 schools and 53,275 children in 2019. All the information was collected through four questionnaires addressed to parents, children, teachers and head teachers. The weights and heights of the children were measured with standard techniques and equipment to classify overweight/obesity according to the WOF-IOTF cut-offs. The results showed a high percentage of children who do not adhere to health recommendations and a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. In particular, “less healthy” behaviours and higher BMI were more frequent in children from families with a lower socio-economic status and those residing in Southern Italy. These findings highlight the need for effective interventions that address the differences in these health-related behaviours.

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Section: Overweight and Obesitycontrasting

confidence: 80%

Inequalities in Childhood Nutrition, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Obesity in Italy

Spinelli,

Censi,

Mandolini

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…Indeed, the cuisine of Central Java, where 70% of the inhabitants are ethnic Javanese, tends to be very sweet [ 51 ]. Meanwhile, findings from a cross-sectional study conducted in England corroborated possible associations between childhood overweight and obesity and ethnic and cultural factors [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Factors associated with overweight/obesity of children aged 6–12 years in Indonesia

Oktaviani,

Mizutani,

Nishide

et al. 2023

BMC Pediatr

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Background Globally, the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased considerably, including in Indonesia. Obesity results from multifactorial interactions at the personal, familial, and environmental levels. However, little is known about the factors associated with overweight/obesity among children in Indonesia. This study is intended to identify personal, familial, and environmental factors associated with overweight/obesity in children aged 6–12 years in Indonesia. Methods Study design was a secondary data analysis using the Indonesia Family Life Survey in 2014/2015, focusing on 6,090 children aged 6–12 years. The questions covered the child’s body mass index and potential personal, familial, and environmental factors. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the personal, familial, and environmental factors. Results The mean age of participants was 8.9 years (SD = 2.0); 51.0% were boys; 9.4% were overweight; and 8.1% were obese. Overweight and obesity were associated with age [AOR 1.09 (95% CI 1.04–1.14)], having an overweight [AOR 1.93 (95% CI 1.58–2.36)] or obese [AOR 3.36 (95% CI 2.43–4.61)] father compared with a normal father, being of Chinese [AOR 9.51 (95% CI 1.43–79.43)] or Javanese [AOR 1.60 (95% CI 1.16–2.24)] ethnicity compared with Sundanese ethnicity, and residing in an urban area [AOR 1.36 (95% CI 1.10–1.70)]. A lower risk of child overweight/obesity was associated with the father’s perception [AOR 0.56 (95% CI 0.38–0.80)] and mother’s perception [AOR 0.66 (95% CI 0.43–0.98)] of the child’s food consumption as being less than adequate compared with adequate. Conclusions Risk factors in children for overweight/obesity were older age, having an overweight/obese father, membership of certain ethnic groups, and urban residence. The main protective factor was parents’ perception that a child’s food consumption was less than adequate. Health promotion programs focused on these factors could help control or prevent childhood obesity in Indonesia.

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“…Furthermore, there is currently limited evidence to prove or disprove the effectiveness of adapted behavioural interventions in preventing childhood obesity among minority ethnic groups [31]. Therefore, it has been suggested that targeted interventions are likely to be more effective than universal approaches in this circumstance because of the unique barriers and inequities faced by minority ethnic groups [32]. Moreover, risk stratification and targeted interventions have been shown to play a role when high-risk groups face unique barriers [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Lifestyle Nutrition and Physical Activity Interventions for Childhood Obesity and Associated Comorbidities among Children from Minority Ethnic Groups: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Obita

Alkhatib

2023

Nutrients

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Lifestyle physical activity (PA) and nutrition are known to be effective interventions in preventing and managing obesity-related comorbidities among adult populations but less so among children and adolescents. We examined the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in children from minority ethnic populations in Western high-income countries (HICs). Our systematic review included 53 studies, involving 26,045 children from minority ethnic populations who followed lifestyle intervention programmes lasting between 8 weeks and 5 years with the aim of preventing and/or managing childhood obesity and associated comorbidities, including adiposity and cardiometabolic risks. The studies were heterogenous in terms of lifestyle intervention components (nutrition, PA, behavioural counselling) and settings (community vs. schools and after-school settings). Our meta-analysis included 31 eligible studies and showed no significant effects of lifestyle interventions when they focused on body mass index (BMI) outcomes (pooled BMI mean change = −0.09 (95% CI = −0.19, 0.01); p = 0.09). This was irrespective of the intervention programme duration (<6 months vs. ≥6 months), type (PA vs. nutrition/combined intervention) and weight status (overweight or obese vs. normal weight) as all showed nonsignificant effects in the sensitivity analysis. Nonetheless, 19 of the 53 studies reported reductions in BMI, BMI z-score and body fat percentage. However, the majority of lifestyle interventions adopting a quasi-design with combined primary and secondary obesity measures (11 out of 15 studies) were effective in reducing the obesity comorbidities of cardiometabolic risks, including metabolic syndrome, insulin sensitivity and blood pressure, in overweight and obese children. Preventing childhood obesity in high-risk ethnic minority groups is best achieved using combined PA and nutrition intervention approaches, which jointly target preventing obesity and its comorbidities, especially the outcomes of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, public health stakeholders should integrate cultural and lifestyle factors and contextualise obesity prevention strategies among minority ethnic groups in Western HICs.

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Understanding local ethnic inequalities in childhood BMI through cross-sectional analysis of routinely collected local data

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Inequalities in Childhood Nutrition, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Obesity in Italy

Inequalities in Childhood Nutrition, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Obesity in Italy

Factors associated with overweight/obesity of children aged 6–12 years in Indonesia

Effectiveness of Lifestyle Nutrition and Physical Activity Interventions for Childhood Obesity and Associated Comorbidities among Children from Minority Ethnic Groups: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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