2022
DOI: 10.1038/s41893-022-00919-3
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Understanding intercalation chemistry for sustainable aqueous zinc–manganese dioxide batteries

Abstract: Amid the growing interest in rechargeable aqueous zinc-based batteries, tunnel-structured α-MnO2 has emerged as a promising cathode material owing to its low cost, high capacity and high safety.However, the precise charge storage mechanism, possibly involving proton and/or Zn ion insertion, has not been fully characterized especially at the atomistic level. Here, we report new insights through a combined investigation of atomic-scale electron microscopy, electrochemical analysis and ab initio simulations. We f… Show more

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Cited by 139 publications
(114 citation statements)
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“…A previous study has revealed that the H + intercalation leads to the lattice distortion of α-MnO 2 . 22 The reaction of H + intercalation into α-MnO 2 can thus be described:MnO 2 + x H + + x e − ⇌ H x MnO 2 …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…A previous study has revealed that the H + intercalation leads to the lattice distortion of α-MnO 2 . 22 The reaction of H + intercalation into α-MnO 2 can thus be described:MnO 2 + x H + + x e − ⇌ H x MnO 2 …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, it has been proposed that Zn–vernadite (Zn x MnO 2 ) forms by the electrochemical reaction between ZHS and Mn 2+ in the electrolyte as given below: 22,33,44 2(ZnSO 4 ·3Zn(OH) 2 ·5H 2 O) + 3Mn 2+ → 3Zn x MnO 2 + 16H 2 O + (8 − 3 x )Zn 2+ + 2SO 4 2− + (6 − 6 x )e − …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…[11,12] Huge efforts have been devoted to developing new materials and battery chemistries to boost energy densities in the past ten years (Figure 1a). [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] However, the manufacture of current Li-ion batteries uses a large amount of toxic materials that need to be replaced with more environmentally friendly materials such as biomaterials. [21][22][23] The direct use of biomaterials as major components for battery manufacturing has attracted significant attention recently (Figure 1b).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…12 Besides, the uniform dispersion of cathode particles with conductive carbon materials and the surface state of electrode materials (e.g., pH value and interface structure) would significantly affect electrolyte hydrolysis, large over-potential, and the overgrowth of a solid-state electrolyte interface (SEI). [13][14][15] On the other hand, hundreds of thousands of tons of Mn-based cathode waste are produced from tens of billions of spent alkaline batteries (ABs) every year, which could be a serious source of pollution or transformed into a considerable amount of renewable resources. For the spent ABs, there are several discharged cathode waste, such as Zn x Mn 2 O 4 , MnO(OH), Zn(OH) 2 and carbon.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%