Understanding host-microbial interactions in rumen: searching the best opportunity for microbiota manipulation

Malmuthuge, Nilusha; Guan, Le Luo

doi:10.1186/s40104-016-0135-3

Cited by 147 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…The composition of rumen bacterial diversity is affected by different breeds having different host genetics [25]. Therefore, the adaptability of Hanwoo cattle to high-temperature and high-humidity conditions may be related to host genetics that influence stable bacterial diversity in the rumen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of short-term acute heat stress on the rumen microbiome of Hanwoo steers

Baek¹,

Choi²,

Jeong³

et al. 2020

J Anim Sci Technol

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Heat stress negatively affects cattle productivity by reducing feed intake. In the present study, we assessed if the rumen microbiome composition of Hanwoo steers was altered by exposure to heat stress. Rumen samples were collected from four Hanwoo steers that were individually housed in climate-controlled chambers with 60% humidity and environmental temperatures of: 1) 15℃ (0-day group), 2) 35℃ for 3 days (3-day group), and 3) 35℃ for 6 days (6-day group). The total community DNA of samples was extracted, and 997,843 bacterial and 1,508,770 archaeal sequences were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Assessment of the relative abundances revealed 15 major phyla of which Bacteroidetes was found to be the most dominant. After 3 days of heat stress exposure there were no significant changes in the rumen microbiome composition, except for a decrease in the Planctomycetes. However, after 6 days of heat stress exposure, we found that the relative abundance of fibrolytic Ruminococcaceae had decreased while that of lactate-producing Lactobacillaceae and amylolytic Prevotella and Ruminobacter had increased. The normal rumen microbiome of Hanwoo cattle was shown to be disrupted after 6 days of heat stress, which led to the decrease in fibrolytic bacteria that are sensitive to low pH and the increase in both lactate-producing and amylolytic bacteria. We have demonstrated that the microbiome composition of the rumen is affected by acute heat stress. Our findings may contribute to the development of different feeding strategies to restore heat stress-induced disruption of the rumen microbiome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of short-term acute heat stress on the rumen microbiome of Hanwoo steers

Baek¹,

Choi²,

Jeong³

et al. 2020

J Anim Sci Technol

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“…The microbial communities are crucial for the degradation of complex feeds into volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and the synthesis of vitamins and protein for ruminants' health and production performance (Krause et al 2003;Zilber-Rosenberg and Rosenberg 2008). Many factors affect the ruminal microbial community, such as host (Malmuthuge and Guan 2017), heredity (Paz et al 2016), diet (Hua et al 2017), disease (Ma et al 2018), physical stage (Zhu et al 2017), age (Jami et al 2013) or additives (Uyeno et al 2015), and diet plays a dominant role in shaping the ruminal microbial community and deciding the ruminal fermentation patterns. Concentrate-rich or forage-based diets are dominated by starch-degrading amylolytic bacteria or fibrolytic bacteria in rumen, which mainly degrade starch or fiber and produce a substantial amount of propionate or acetate, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific enrichment of microbes and increased ruminal propionate production: the potential mechanism underlying the high energy efficiency of Holstein heifers fed steam-flaked corn

Ren

Bai

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Corn grain is high in starch content and is primarily used as an energy source in ruminant diets. Compared with finely ground corn (FGC), steam-flaked corn (SFC) processing could improve the milk yield of lactating dairy cows and the growth performance of feedlot cattle, but the detailed mechanisms underlying this finding are unknown. The rumen microbiome contributes to feed efficiency by breaking down feedstuffs into energy substrates that can subsequently be utilized by the host animal. Therefore, the current study was conducted to investigate the ruminal bacterial community of heifers fed differently processed corn (SFC or FGC) with the same forage-to-concentrate ratio using 16S rRNA sequencing technologies and to uncover the detailed mechanisms underlying the high performance of ruminants fed the SFC diet. The results revealed that different processing methods resulted in changes in rumen characteristics and impacted the composition of the rumen bacterial structure. The SFC diet resulted in an increased average daily gain in heifers, an increased rumen propionate concentration and a decreased ammonia nitrogen concentration. The relative abundance of the phylum Firmicutes tended to increase and the relative abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria significantly increased in the heifers fed SFC diet compared with FGC diet. In addition, the relative abundance of amylolytic bacteria of the genera Succinivibrio , Rosebuia and Blautia ere evaluated, and cellulolytic bacteria (Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013 ) decreased by the steam flaking method. Spearman correlation analysis between the relative abundances of the ruminal bacteria and the microbial metabolites showed that the rumen propionate concentration was positively correlated with Succinivibrio and Blautia abundance and negatively correlated with Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 abundance. Evident patterns of efficient improvement in rumen propionate and changes in rumen microbes to further improve feed conversion were identified. This observation uncovers the potential mechanisms underlying the increased efficiency of the SFC processing method for enhancing ruminant performance.

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“…[50][51][52][53] As the calf develops, there is a "succession" of microbes that finally culminates in what is called a "climax" community that occurs as the gut transitions to an anaerobic environment. 50,54 Microbiome succession is influenced by nutrition, stress, and environment. This microbial community of commensals and their metabolites controls the health of the gut mucosa and the underlying immune cells in the LP (Fig.…”

Section: Microbiome and Enteric Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of these direct-fed microbials on gut mucosal immunity and health has generated much interest. 50,51,54,56,61 Prebiotics (oligosaccharides, beta-glucan, and fiber), fiber metabolites (butyric acid and other short chain fatty acids), organic acids (ie, formic acid, citric acid), and botanicals (ie, vanilla, oregano, pepper oil) enhance the tight junctions in mucosal barrier and have an antiinflammatory effect on mucosa (see Fig. 9).…”

Section: Maximizing Enteric Immunity: Passive Immunity Vaccines Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Immunity

Chase

2018

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice

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In this article, key concepts important for enteric immunity are discussed. The gastrointestinal tract is the largest immune organ of the body. The mucosal barrier, the tight junctions and the "kill zone," along with the gut mucosa and maintaining an "anti-inflammatory" state are essential for "good gut health." The microbiome, the microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, which has more cells then the entire animal's body, is essential for immune development, immune response, and maximizing ruminant productivity. Direct-fed microbials aid in both microbiome stability "homeostasis" and immune function.

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Understanding host-microbial interactions in rumen: searching the best opportunity for microbiota manipulation

Cited by 147 publications

References 61 publications

The impact of short-term acute heat stress on the rumen microbiome of Hanwoo steers

The impact of short-term acute heat stress on the rumen microbiome of Hanwoo steers

Specific enrichment of microbes and increased ruminal propionate production: the potential mechanism underlying the high energy efficiency of Holstein heifers fed steam-flaked corn

Enteric Immunity

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