Understanding grower perceptions and attitudes on the use of nontraditional water sources, including reclaimed or recycled water, in the semi-arid Southwest United States

Dery, Jessica L.; Rock, Channah; Goldstein, Rachel E. Rosenberg; Onumajuru, Cathy; Brassill, Natalie; Zozaya, Stevi; Suri, Mayhah

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.039

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The quality of water available from municipal reclaimed water varies from source to source, with some maintaining consistent quality outputs [22], and others more variable [28]. The contaminants of concern present, whether chemical or biological, could be detrimental to human health, plant health, or consumer acceptance of the final product [22,[29][30][31][32]. Changing water quality could be detrimental to crop growth, especially if the load of contaminants present is inconsistent over time [30].…”

Section: Feasibility Of Alternative Water Resource Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pathogen presence was the only contaminant identified specifically as an information need, but the growers did not differentiate between human or plant pathogens, so it is unclear for which pathogen growers needed additional information. Dery et al [31] reported that information on the quality of the alternative water source shifted grower willingness to consider using a non-traditional water source by 16%.…”

Section: Feasibility Of Alternative Water Resource Usementioning

confidence: 99%

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Greenhouse and Nursery Water Management Characterization and Research Priorities in the USA

White

Owen²,

Majsztrik

et al. 2019

Water

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Nursery, floriculture, and propagation production accounted for 79% ($13.3 Billion) of 2017 ornamental specialty crop production in the United States. Access to high quality water sources is increasingly limited for irrigating these economically significant crops. Given the production, environmental, and economic issues associated with the use of water—including recycled, reclaimed, surface, and ground water—it is critical to develop sustainable runoff, containment, and remediation technologies, and to identify alternative sources of water. To better understand current practices and future water-related needs as perceived by grower stakeholders, an online survey was distributed nationally and five in-depth round table discussion sessions were conducted at the Mid-Atlantic Nursery Trade Show, Gulf States Horticultural Expo, California Grown Show, AmericanHort’s Cultivate, and the Farwest Show with a total of 36 individual industry participants. A team of research and extension specialists facilitated by a Specialty Crops Research Initiative Planning Grant (NIFA Project # 2011-51181-30633) analyzed and concisely summarized the results from the survey and the round table discussions. Research priorities related to water management identified by stakeholders revolved around six themes: (1) recycled water infrastructure and management; (2) contaminants; (3) plant health and water quality; (4) water treatment technologies; (5) competing and complementary water uses; (6) societal perception of agricultural water use.

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Section: Feasibility Of Alternative Water Resource Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Feasibility Of Alternative Water Resource Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse and Nursery Water Management Characterization and Research Priorities in the USA

White

Owen²,

Majsztrik

et al. 2019

Water

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“…Indeed, the US Food and Drug Administration proposed microbial water quality standards as part of the Food Safety Modernization Act's (FSMA) Produce Safety Rule. However, understanding and complying with the proposed standard while ensuring water availability has been cited in industry magazines and grower surveys as a challenge facing growers (Alexander, 2015;Dery et al, 2019;Wall et al, 2019). For example, interpretation of E. coli test results is complicated by temporal variation in microbial water quality (Goyal et al, 1977;Hipsey et al, 2008;Payment and Locas, 2011;Pandey et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Interactions Between Weather, and Microbial and Physicochemical Water Quality Impact the Likelihood of Detecting Foodborne Pathogens in Agricultural Water

et al. 2020

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Agricultural water is an important source of foodborne pathogens on produce farms. Managing water-associated risks does not lend itself to one-size-fits-all approaches due to the heterogeneous nature of freshwater environments. To improve our ability to develop location-specific risk management practices, a study was conducted in two produce-growing regions to (i) characterize the relationship between Escherichia coli levels and pathogen presence in agricultural water, and (ii) identify environmental factors associated with pathogen detection. Three AZ and six NY waterways were sampled longitudinally using 10-L grab samples (GS) and 24-h Moore swabs (MS). Regression showed that the likelihood of Salmonella detection (Odds Ratio [OR] = 2.18), and eaeA-stx codetection (OR = 6.49) was significantly greater for MS compared to GS, while the likelihood of detecting L. monocytogenes was not. Regression also showed that eaeA-stx codetection in AZ (OR = 50.2) and NY (OR = 18.4), and Salmonella detection in AZ (OR = 4.4) were significantly associated with E. coli levels, while Salmonella detection in NY was not. Random forest analysis indicated that interactions between environmental factors (e.g., rainfall, temperature, turbidity) (i) were associated with likelihood of pathogen detection and (ii) mediated the relationship between E. coli levels and likelihood of pathogen detection. Our findings suggest that (i) environmental heterogeneity, including interactions between factors, affects microbial water quality, and (ii) E. coli levels alone may not be a suitable indicator of food safety risks. Instead, targeted methods that utilize environmental and microbial data (e.g., models that use turbidity and E. coli levels to predict when there is a high or low risk of surface water being contaminated by pathogens) are needed to assess and mitigate the food safety risks associated with preharvest water use. By identifying environmental factors associated with an increased likelihood of detecting pathogens in agricultural

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“…The proposed standard states that E. coli levels in surface water directly applied to preharvest produce cannot exceed a geometric mean of 126 CFU/100-mL and a statistical threshold value (STV) of 410 CFU/100-mL; these values are calculated using 20 samples collected over a 2 to 4 year period. However, understanding and complying with the proposed standard while ensuring water availability has been cited in industry magazines and grower surveys as a challenge facing growers (Alexander, 2015; Dery et al, 2019; Wall et al, 2019). For example, interpretation of E. coli test results is complicated by temporal variation in microbial water quality (Goyal et al, 1977; Hipsey et al, 2008; Pandey et al, 2012; Payment and Locas).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex interactions between weather, and microbial and physiochemical water quality impact the likelihood of detecting foodborne pathogens in agricultural water

Weller

Brassill

Rock

et al. 2020

Preprint

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19 20 21 22 23 produce farms. Managing water-associated risks does not lend itself to one-size-fits-all 24 approaches due to the heterogeneous nature of freshwater environments, and because 25 environmental conditions affect the likelihood of pathogen contamination and the relationship 26 between indicator organism levels (e.g., E. coli) and pathogen presence. To improve our ability 27 to develop location-specific risk management practices, a study was conducted in two produce-28 growing regions to (i) characterize the relationship between E. coli levels and pathogen presence 29 in agricultural water, and (ii) identify environmental factors associated with pathogen detection. 30Three AZ and six NY waterways were sampled longitudinally using 10-L grab samples (GS) and 31 24-h Moore swabs (MS). Regression showed that the likelihood of Salmonella detection (Odds 32 Ratio [OR]=2.18), and eaeA-stx codetection (OR=6.49) was significantly greater for MS 33 compared to GS, while the likelihood of detecting L. monocytogenes was not. Regression also 34 showed that eaeA-stx codetection in AZ (OR=50.2) and NY (OR=18.4), and Salmonella 35 detection in AZ (OR=4.4) were significantly associated with E. coli levels, while Salmonella 36 detection in NY was not. Random forest analysis indicated that interactions between 37 environmental factors (e.g., rainfall, temperature, turbidity) (i) were associated with likelihood of 38 pathogen detection and (ii) mediated the relationship between E. coli levels and likelihood of 39 pathogen detection. Our findings suggest that (i) environmental heterogeneity, including 40 interactions between factors, affects microbial water quality, and (ii) E. coli levels alone may not 41 be a suitable indicator of the food safety risks. Instead, targeted methods that utilize 42 environmental and microbial data (e.g., models that use turbidity and E. coli levels to predict 43 when there is a high or low risk of surface water being contaminated by pathogens) are needed to 44 assess and mitigate the food safety risks associated with preharvest water use. By identifying 45 environmental factors associated with an increased likelihood of detecting pathogens in 46 agricultural water, this study provides information that (i) can be used to assess when pathogen 47 contamination of agricultural water is likely to occur, and (ii) facilitate development of targeted 48 interventions for individual water sources, providing an alternative to existing one-size-fits-all 49 approaches. 50 51 52 3 3Preharvest surface water use for produce production (e.g., irrigation, fertigation, pesticide 53 application, dust abatement) has repeatedly been identified as a factor associated with an 54

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Understanding grower perceptions and attitudes on the use of nontraditional water sources, including reclaimed or recycled water, in the semi-arid Southwest United States

Cited by 36 publications

References 19 publications

Greenhouse and Nursery Water Management Characterization and Research Priorities in the USA

Greenhouse and Nursery Water Management Characterization and Research Priorities in the USA

Complex Interactions Between Weather, and Microbial and Physicochemical Water Quality Impact the Likelihood of Detecting Foodborne Pathogens in Agricultural Water

Complex interactions between weather, and microbial and physiochemical water quality impact the likelihood of detecting foodborne pathogens in agricultural water

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