Understanding Grain Growth Mechanism in Vacuum Evaporated CdTe Thin Films by Different Halide Treatments: An Evolution of Ion Size Impact on Physical Properties for Solar Cell Applications

Kumari, Suman; Suthar, Deepak; Himanshu, -; Kumari, Neetu; Dhaka, M.S.

doi:10.1080/02603594.2022.2142938

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In addition, the SEM image presents the average grain size whereas XRD analysis displays measurements relating to crystallite size within the grain. 29 The grain sizes may also vary depending on the growth technique 25 and conditions, 39 which is reported in previous communications. 1,24 The impact of chloride treatment on grain boundaries is highly significant, warranting further investigation and study.…”

Section: Papermentioning

confidence: 62%

Property enhancement of a close-spaced sublimated CdTe thin film by a post-growth activation step with CdCl₂ and MgCl₂

Sharmin,

Mahmood,

Sultana

et al. 2024

Mater. Adv.

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Section: Papermentioning

confidence: 62%

Property enhancement of a close-spaced sublimated CdTe thin film by a post-growth activation step with CdCl₂ and MgCl₂

Sharmin,

Mahmood,

Sultana

et al. 2024

Mater. Adv.

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“…Various deposition techniques were used to prepare CdTe thin films, such as physical vapour deposition (PVD) [ 16 ], sputtering [ 17 ], vacuum evaporation [ 14 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], spray pyrolysis [ 23 ], pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], electrodeposition [ 28 ], molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) [ 29 ], close spaced sublimation (CSS) [ 30 , 31 ], etc. Many researchers have focused on using deposition techniques that are simple and less costly, and that can provide stability and good efficiency [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Deposition Working Power on Physical Properties of RF-Sputtered CdTe Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications

Răduță,

Panaitescu,

Manica

et al. 2024

Nanomaterials

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The main objective of this study was to determine the variation in the properties of cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin films deposited on a p-type Si substrate by the radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique at four different working powers (70 W, 80 W, 90 W, and 100 W). The substrate temperature, working pressure, and deposition time during the deposition process were kept constant at 220 °C, 0.46 Pa, and 30 min, respectively. To study the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the CdTe films grown under the mentioned experimental conditions, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and optical spectroscopy were used. For a better analysis of the films’ structural and optical properties, a group of films were deposited onto optical glass substrates under similar deposition conditions. The electrical characterisation of Ag/CdTe/Al “sandwich” structures was also performed using current–voltage characteristics in the dark at different temperatures. The electrical measurements allowed the identification of charge transport mechanisms through the structure. New relevant information released by the present study points towards 90 W RF power as the optimum for obtaining a high crystallinity of ~1 μm nanostructured thin films deposited onto p-Si and optical glass substrates with optical and electrical properties that are suitable for use as absorber layers. The obtained high-quality CdTe nanostructured thin films are perfectly suitable for use as absorbers in CdTe thin-film photovoltaic cells.

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“…II-VI group semiconductor materials are currently attracting increased attention in the realm of solar cell technology because of their intriguing physical and chemical features and applications [5,6]. Due to its close to optimal and direct optical energy bandgap, high electron affinity, large absorption coefficient, suitable lattice parameters, and low negative formation enthalpy, cadmium telluride (CdTe) is a well-known II-VI semiconductor material for producing significant amounts of terrestrial electricity [7,8]. It has the most stable crystal phase and melts consistently, making it possible to develop CdTe thin films using a range of fabrication methods and to manufacture stoichiometric CdTe films with little difficulty [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance-related structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of 2 μm the CdTe-CdSe absorption layer of solar cell

Tarek El-Shahat,

Ali,

Hassana

et al. 2023

JOR

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The current work attempts to develop the most efficient compositions of 1 m between CdTe1-xSex thin films as absorptive layer in solar cell applications (with x = 0 to 1, step 0.1 wt.%). Mechanical alloying was used to create the CdTe1-xSex powdered materials, and thermal evaporation was used to create the thin film versions of these compositions. Swanepoel's approach was used to measure the films' thicknesses, and the spectroscopic ellipsometry technique was used to calibrate the results. The analyzed films' structural, electrical, and optical characteristics have been studied. It was determined that CdTe0.7Se0.3 at had the highest crystalize size and the lowest lattice strain, which contributed to the reduction in imperfection in this sample since XRD revealed the nanostructures nature of these films. Additionally, it was discovered that CdTe0.7Se0.3 had the lowest energy gap and the highest refractive index, which was responsible for this composition's largest crystalline size. CdTe0.7Se0.3 possessed low resistivity, high conductivity, a high carrier concentration, and high carrier mobility, according to the Hall effect studies of these films. Two different types of solar cells were created: n-CdS/pCdTe and n-CdS/p-CdTe/ CdTe0.7Se0.3. The power conversion efficiency of these two solar cells was determined to be 17.71 for CdS/CdTe and 18.92 for CdS/CdTe/ CdTe0.7Se0.3. Se should be doped in CdTe1-xSex thin films at an ideal level of 0.3%, making CdTe0.7Se0.3 thin film a suitable choice for solar cell applications.

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Understanding Grain Growth Mechanism in Vacuum Evaporated CdTe Thin Films by Different Halide Treatments: An Evolution of Ion Size Impact on Physical Properties for Solar Cell Applications

Cited by 12 publications

References 72 publications

Property enhancement of a close-spaced sublimated CdTe thin film by a post-growth activation step with CdCl₂ and MgCl₂

Property enhancement of a close-spaced sublimated CdTe thin film by a post-growth activation step with CdCl₂ and MgCl₂

Effect of Deposition Working Power on Physical Properties of RF-Sputtered CdTe Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications

Performance-related structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of 2 μm the CdTe-CdSe absorption layer of solar cell

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Understanding Grain Growth Mechanism in Vacuum Evaporated CdTe Thin Films by Different Halide Treatments: An Evolution of Ion Size Impact on Physical Properties for Solar Cell Applications

Cited by 12 publications

References 72 publications

Property enhancement of a close-spaced sublimated CdTe thin film by a post-growth activation step with CdCl2 and MgCl2

Property enhancement of a close-spaced sublimated CdTe thin film by a post-growth activation step with CdCl2 and MgCl2

Effect of Deposition Working Power on Physical Properties of RF-Sputtered CdTe Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications

Performance-related structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of 2 μm the CdTe-CdSe absorption layer of solar cell

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Property enhancement of a close-spaced sublimated CdTe thin film by a post-growth activation step with CdCl₂ and MgCl₂

Property enhancement of a close-spaced sublimated CdTe thin film by a post-growth activation step with CdCl₂ and MgCl₂