Understanding financial inclusion in China

Fungáčová, Zuzana; Weill, Laurent

doi:10.1016/j.chieco.2014.12.004

Cited by 307 publications

(237 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…In China, Fungáčová & Weill (2015) found that higher income and better education are associated with greater use of formal accounts and formal credit. In Argentina, Tuesta, Sorensen, Haring & Camara, (2015) showed that education and income are all important variables for financial inclusion.…”

Section: Theory and Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Economic and Financial Development on Financial Inclusion in Africa

Evans¹

2015

READS

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This study provides empirical evidence on the effects of economic and financial development on financial inclusion in Africa, using panel FMOLS for the 2005-2014 period. The study shows that economic growth has a significant positive impact on financial inclusion, meaning that African countries with higher economic growth have more inclusive financial systems. GDP per capita has a significant positive impact on financial inclusion. That is, income is an important factor in explaining the level of ﬁnancial inclusion in Africa. It is, as well, established in this study, that although both economic and financial development promote financial inclusion, though the effects of economic development are much stronger. Also, inflation is negatively linked to financial inclusion, and as well insignificant across all specifications. Deposit interest rate is positively linked to financial inclusion, though insignificant. The low deposit interest rates in African countries do not encourage inclusive financial systems. Population, though positive, is insignificant. Internet has positive significant impact on financial inclusion, meaning that internet access is indispensable in a fast-moving and digital African economy. Literacy is also statistically significant, meaning that adult literacy is an important factor in explaining the level of ﬁnancial inclusion in Africa. As well, Islamic banking presence and activity are associated with higher financial inclusion.

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Section: Theory and Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Economic and Financial Development on Financial Inclusion in Africa

Evans¹

2015

READS

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“…According to the authors nations whose GDP per capita are low experience poor connectivity and low level of literacy have lower level of financial inclusion. Using China sample Fungáčová & Weill [24] shows level of education and income to significantly affect financial inclusion. The authors report high education level and income as the significant factors which determine financial inclusion in China.…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the Status of Financial Inclusion and Its Determinants in Tanzania

Lotto

2018

Sustainability

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Abstract:The primary motive of this paper is to examine the determinants of financial inclusion in Tanzania. The paper borrows data from a household survey conducted by TWAWEZA. Employing the probit regression, the findings of this paper reveal that gender, education, age and income are the pertinent factors which affect the financial inclusion in Tanzania. The paper further shows the following: First, if you are a man, financially stable, have a good education and are relatively older, you then stand better chances of being financially included. The results show that, as the level of education increases, the individual is more likely to be financially included. The possible reason for this observation may be clearly linked with the financial ability of educated individuals to afford holding bank accounts and presenting personal guarantees when required by the banks during loan application because the level of education goes parallel with the income level. In addition, the results confirm a gender gap in formal financial inclusion, and this may be due to the factors such as inability of women to show collateral, their poor financial education awareness and lower business experience. Second, the paper also shows that the factors which affect traditional banking services are the same as those affecting mobile banking services (gender, age, income and education), and that there is a negative trend and a clear departure of customers' usage from banking retail services to mobile financial services. Although this gap has been narrowed recently, the best option with the banking sector is to create more new delivery channels while using mobile financial services as an infrastructure to deepen financial access reaching more un-banked population. The paper, therefore, recommends banks to create more delivery channels while using mobile telecommunication network as an infrastructure to deepen financial access reaching more unbanked people rather than competing with mobile network operators. The findings of this paper may also be used as a wake-up call for policy makers to put more emphasis on women and young people who are often left behind during Government's effort toward reaching the entire population as far as financial inclusion is concerned.

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“…Sarma, 2008;Chattopadhyay, 2011;Gupte, Venkataramani, & Gupta, 2012;Arora, 2014;Chakravarty & Pal, 2013;Wang & Guan, 2017) and (ii) what factors are associated with financial inclusion (refer to, e.g. Beck & De la Torre, 2006;Chithra & Selvam, 2013;Martinez, Hidalgo, & Tuesta, 2013;Leeladhar, 2006;Rao, 2007;Chakravarty & Pal, 2013;Fungáčová & Weill, 2015;Swamy, 2014;Corrado & Corrado, 2015;Honohan, 2008;Sahoo, Pradhan, & Sahu, 2017;Wang & Guan, 2017;Burgess & Pande, 2005;Levine, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Finally, we took care to use the majority of accessible variables which is involved in many studies in the literature (refer to, e.g. Beck & De la Torre, 2006;Chithra & Selvam, 2013;Martinez et al, 2013;Leeladhar, 2006;Rao, 2007;Chakravarty & Pal, 2013;Fungáčová & Weill, 2015;Swamy, 2014;Corrado & Corrado, 2015;Honohan, 2008;Sahoo et al, 2017;Wang & Guan, 2017;Burgess & Pande, 2005;Levine, 2005). We also used Bank Stability Indexes generated by authors and The Worldwide Governance Indicators from World Bank as the explanatory variables to decipher which factors explain the changes in IFI scores.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spatial Determinants of Financial Inclusion over Time

Bozkurt

Karakuş

YILDIZ

2018

J of Intl Development

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This paper investigates the factors generating changes in the financial inclusion levels based on data from 120 countries for 2011 and 2014. After calculating the index of financial inclusion across countries, we find evidences on the presence of spatial dependencies by using the Global Moran's I and local indicators of spatial association analyses. Then, we employ spatial regression and spatial panel data models that control for spatial interdependence. The results show that social, banking and political factors play an important role in the determination of change in financial inclusion. We also find financial inclusion convergence among the countries. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Understanding financial inclusion in China

Cited by 307 publications

References 16 publications

The Effects of Economic and Financial Development on Financial Inclusion in Africa

The Effects of Economic and Financial Development on Financial Inclusion in Africa

Examination of the Status of Financial Inclusion and Its Determinants in Tanzania

Spatial Determinants of Financial Inclusion over Time

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