Understanding farmers’ safety behavior regarding pesticide use in Morocco

Berni, Imane; Menouni, Aziza; El, Ibrahim Ghazi; Duca, Radu Corneliu; Kestemont, Marie‐Paule; Godderis, Lode; Jaafari, Samir El

doi:10.1016/j.spc.2020.11.019

Cited by 59 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Educational attainment was found to play a more significant influence on farmers' safety behaviours considering the direct relationship observed among those with higher educational levels and reading of the safety data sheet/label (p > 0.024), the use of coveralls/farm uniform (p > 0.019), and the secondary use of empty pesticide containers (p > 0.001). This outcome was earlier established in a previous study where farmers with a good level of education tend to have good safety awareness and behaviour toward pesticide handling [15,29,33]. Overall, all farmers affirmed the use pesticides at some point during each cropping season, with paraquat (16.3%), glyphosate (15.6%), and lambda-cyhalothrin (15.5%) as the most common pesticides used among the participants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…For nations, especially in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), to attain the Sustainable Development Goal 3, there is a need to advance safety awareness among vulnerable groups on how best to eliminate or minimise exposure to elements that can lead to the development of non-communicable diseases. The need for protection against farm pests has led to the unsafe handling of pesticides, which can cause both acute and chronic adverse health effects on humans and negatively impact wildlife and the natural environment [11,28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occupational Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Farmers in Northern Nigeria during Pesticide Application—A Case Study

et al. 2021

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Pesticides are known human and environmental toxicants, with an estimated 3 million cases of pesticide poisoning happening every year globally, resulting in more than 250,000 deaths. According to the existing literature, different pesticides groups are readily used among farmers in Nigeria. With recent developments around commercial farming, crop damage from pests, etc., this has led to higher consumption of pesticides among the farming community. The lack of product knowledge and safety awareness among this group further exposes them to the effects of pesticides. The study aims to measure Northern Nigerian farmers’ safety knowledge, awareness, and practices related to pesticide application. A cross-sectional study using an online survey questionnaire was adopted to generate responses from 524 farmers across the north-central and northeastern region of the country. Farmers’ attitudes towards pesticide use were driven by high crop yield, as 35.4% strongly agree that pesticide use is indispensable for high crop yield. The frequent use of empty pesticide containers for other secondary uses on the farm or at home, as confirmed by 30.6% of the participants, also presents safety and health concerns. Farmers’ age (p > 0.038) influenced pesticide containers use for other secondary purposes. In contrast, education attainment (p < 0.001) significantly influenced the use of pesticide containers for other farm or domestic uses. Farmers’ safety behaviours are influenced by socioeconomic factors, including educational level, age, and years of farm practice experience. The study concludes on the need to develop an approach that will help strengthen capacity-building programmes and enhance knowledge base initiatives around the adoption of non-synthetic pesticides.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Farmers in Northern Nigeria during Pesticide Application—A Case Study

et al. 2021

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“…Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate pesticide that disrupts acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain [26]. Chlorpyrifos was used widely within the Chesapeake Bay watershed [27], and despite recent bans, is still used globally [28]. Dicloran is a fungicide used to prevent crop fungal diseases in the Western and Southern United States; it is applied through aerial spray, often in areas close to estuaries [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity Alters Toxicity of Commonly Used Pesticides in a Model Euryhaline Fish Species (Menidia beryllina)

Hutton

Romain

Pedersen

et al. 2021

Toxics

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Changing salinity in estuaries due to sea level rise and altered rainfall patterns, as a result of climate change, has the potential to influence the interactions of aquatic pollutants as well as to alter their toxicity. From a chemical property point of view, ionic concentration can increase the octanol–water partition coefficient and thus decrease the water solubility of a compound. Biologically, organism physiology and enzyme metabolism are also altered at different salinities with implications for drug metabolism and toxic effects. This highlights the need to understand the influence of salinity on pesticide toxicity when assessing risk to estuarine and marine fishes, particularly considering that climate change is predicted to alter salinity regimes globally and many risk assessments and regulatory decisions are made using freshwater studies. Therefore, we exposed the Inland Silverside (Menidia beryllina) at an early life stage to seven commonly used pesticides at two salinities relevant to estuarine waters (5 PSU and 15 PSU). Triadimefon was the only compound to show a statistically significant increase in toxicity at the 15 PSU LC50. However, all compounds showed a decrease in LC50 values at the higher salinity, and all but one showed a decrease in the LC10 value. Many organisms rely on estuaries as nurseries and increased toxicity at higher salinities may mean that organisms in critical life stages of development are at risk of experiencing adverse, toxic effects. The differences in toxicity demonstrated here have important implications for organisms living within estuarine and marine ecosystems in the Anthropocene as climate change alters estuarine salinity regimes globally.

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“…7 In addition, unsafe pesticide use accompany with adverse health impact have also been reported in the developing agricultural nations such as Morocco, Indonesia, Iran and Thailand. [8][9][10][11] For instance, pesticides related symptoms such as headache, fatigue and itching were reported among 29.4%, 45.9% and 57.6% of study participants in Thailand, respectively. 9 Moreover, workrelated pesticide symptoms have also been reported among roughly 23% Indian, 25% Mexican and 43% Zimbabwean farmers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Socio-Ecological Model to Frame the Influence of Stakeholders on Cocoa Farmers’ Pesticide Safety in Nigeria: Findings from a Qualitative Study

Oludoye¹,

Robson²,

Siriwong³

2021

RMHP

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Purpose The aim of this study was to explore the roles of stakeholders on cocoa farmers’ safe pesticide use in Nigeria using the socio-ecological model as the theoretical framework. Methods This was a cross-sectional qualitative study where participants were purposefully selected based on some criteria. Then, they were interviewed in-depth using a semi-structured interview approach. The interview guide was designed based on other literature and the study objectives. The interview transcripts were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using the content analysis technique. Results In all, 57 participants were involved in the interview process across all the study locations. Five layers of influence (cocoa farmers, pesticide retailers, extension officers, pesticide importers and government agencies) were considered. At individual level, cocoa farmers complained about lack of information from other stakeholders regarding pesticide use except retailers due to the farmers’ proximity to their stores. However, pesticide safety information from the retailers were found to be inadequate due to their interest in financial gains rather than a focus on human health and the environment. Additionally, most retailers had no understanding about the characteristics of products they sold as they could not read pesticide labels. Furthermore, lack of motivations, human resources and facilities hindered effective extension education in the rural communities. Also, pesticide importers took efforts to train the farmers within their network, but majority of these trainings focused on lead farmers who were expected to disseminate the information to others. Besides, the agencies did organize training or workshop sometimes, but it was inadequate due to budget constraint. Lastly, environmental or agri-policies relating to Nigerian cocoa farmers concerning safe pesticide use and disposal were also inadequate. Conclusion Generally, there was a large information gap with respect to pesticide safety between cocoa farmers and other stakeholders which undermined pesticide use safety. This study highlighted the need for government agencies in Nigeria to develop mechanisms to monitor information exchange among other stakeholders and cocoa farmers with respect to safe pesticide use and disposal.

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Understanding farmers’ safety behavior regarding pesticide use in Morocco

Cited by 59 publications

References 57 publications

Occupational Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Farmers in Northern Nigeria during Pesticide Application—A Case Study

Occupational Safety Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Farmers in Northern Nigeria during Pesticide Application—A Case Study

Salinity Alters Toxicity of Commonly Used Pesticides in a Model Euryhaline Fish Species (Menidia beryllina)

Using the Socio-Ecological Model to Frame the Influence of Stakeholders on Cocoa Farmers’ Pesticide Safety in Nigeria: Findings from a Qualitative Study

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