Understanding Environmental Modulation of Heterosis

Li, Zhi; Sun, Jiabin; Hirsch, Candice N.

doi:10.1002/9781119874157.ch4

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 83 publications

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“…The concepts of midparent heterosis (MPH) and best parent heterosis (BPH) quantify the extent of phenotypic difference exhibited by a trait in a hybrid (F 1 ) compared to its parental inbred lines (P 1 , P 2 ) [9]. MPH denotes a trait that demonstrates a hybrid performance significantly superior to the average value (midparent) calculated from the two parental inbred lines (MPH = F 1 * [(P 1 + P 2 )/2]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the Genetic Enigma: Exploring the Molecular Basis of Heterosis

Pansare,

Walia,

Patil

et al. 2023

IJECC

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Heterosis, the phenomenon where hybrid offspring exhibit superior traits compared to their inbred parents, has captivated scientists for decades due to its immense potential for crop improvement. Unravelling the molecular basis of heterosis has remained a challenge, but recent advancements in genomic and molecular techniques have shed new light on this intriguing phenomenon. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis. We delve into the intricate interplay of genetic factors and regulatory networks that contribute to the manifestation of heterosis. Genomic studies have revealed structural variations, such as rearrangements and copy number variations, which may play a crucial role in hybrid vigour. Furthermore, we explore the dynamic nature of gene expression patterns during hybridization, highlighting the activation of novel gene networks and the modulation of epigenetic mechanisms. Transcriptomic analyses have identified key genes and pathways associated with heterosis, shedding light on the intricate molecular interactions that drive the superior performance of hybrids. Additionally, we discuss the emerging role of small RNAs, transcription factors, and regulatory elements in orchestrating heterosis. These molecular players act as conductors in the genetic symphony of hybrid vigour, fine-tuning gene expression and facilitating the coordinated functioning of diverse biological processes. Understanding the molecular basis of heterosis holds immense promise for crop improvement and sustainable agriculture. By leveraging this knowledge, breeders can harness the full potential of hybrid breeding to develop high-yielding and resilient crop varieties. This review aims to inspire further research and collaboration in unravelling the mysteries of heterosis, paving the way for innovative strategies to enhance global food security and agricultural productivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the Genetic Enigma: Exploring the Molecular Basis of Heterosis

Pansare,

Walia,

Patil

et al. 2023

IJECC

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Current insights and advances into plant male sterility: new precision breeding technology based on genome editing applications

et al. 2023

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Plant male sterility (MS) represents the inability of the plant to generate functional anthers, pollen, or male gametes. Developing MS lines represents one of the most important challenges in plant breeding programs, since the establishment of MS lines is a major goal in F1 hybrid production. For these reasons, MS lines have been developed in several species of economic interest, particularly in horticultural crops and ornamental plants. Over the years, MS has been accomplished through many different techniques ranging from approaches based on cross-mediated conventional breeding methods, to advanced devices based on knowledge of genetics and genomics to the most advanced molecular technologies based on genome editing (GE). GE methods, in particular gene knockout mediated by CRISPR/Cas-related tools, have resulted in flexible and successful strategic ideas used to alter the function of key genes, regulating numerous biological processes including MS. These precision breeding technologies are less time-consuming and can accelerate the creation of new genetic variability with the accumulation of favorable alleles, able to dramatically change the biological process and resulting in a potential efficiency of cultivar development bypassing sexual crosses. The main goal of this manuscript is to provide a general overview of insights and advances into plant male sterility, focusing the attention on the recent new breeding GE-based applications capable of inducing MS by targeting specific nuclear genic loci. A summary of the mechanisms underlying the recent CRISPR technology and relative success applications are described for the main crop and ornamental species. The future challenges and new potential applications of CRISPR/Cas systems in MS mutant production and other potential opportunities will be discussed, as generating CRISPR-edited DNA-free by transient transformation system and transgenerational gene editing for introducing desirable alleles and for precision breeding strategies.

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Understanding Environmental Modulation of Heterosis

Cited by 2 publications

References 83 publications

Unravelling the Genetic Enigma: Exploring the Molecular Basis of Heterosis

Unravelling the Genetic Enigma: Exploring the Molecular Basis of Heterosis

Current insights and advances into plant male sterility: new precision breeding technology based on genome editing applications

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