Understanding Climatic Impacts, Vulnerabilities, and Adaptation in the United States: Building a Capacity for Assessment

Parson, Edward A.; Corell, Robert W.; Barron, Eric J.; Burkett, Virginia; Janetos, Anthony C.; Joyce, Linda A.; Karl, Thomas R.; MacCracken, Michael C.; Melillo, Jerry M.; Morgan, M. Granger; Schimel, David; Wilbanks, Thomas J.

doi:10.1023/a:1022188519982

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…To change their management, enterprise managers need to be convinced that projected climate changes are real and are likely to continue (48,49). This will be facilitated by policies that maintain climate monitoring and by communicating this information effectively, including targeted support of surveillance of pests, diseases, and other factors directly affected by climate.…”

Section: Changing the Decision Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting agriculture to climate change

Howden¹,

Soussana

Tubiello

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,680

1,003

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The strong trends in climate change already evident, the likelihood of further changes occurring, and the increasing scale of potential climate impacts give urgency to addressing agricultural adaptation more coherently. There are many potential adaptation options available for marginal change of existing agricultural systems, often variations of existing climate risk management. We show that implementation of these options is likely to have substantial benefits under moderate climate change for some cropping systems. However, there are limits to their effectiveness under more severe climate changes. Hence, more systemic changes in resource allocation need to be considered, such as targeted diversification of production systems and livelihoods. We argue that achieving increased adaptation action will necessitate integration of climate change-related issues with other risk factors, such as climate variability and market risk, and with other policy domains, such as sustainable development. Dealing with the many barriers to effective adaptation will require a comprehensive and dynamic policy approach covering a range of scales and issues, for example, from the understanding by farmers of change in risk profiles to the establishment of efficient markets that facilitate response strategies. Science, too, has to adapt. Multidisciplinary problems require multidisciplinary solutions, i.e., a focus on integrated rather than disciplinary science and a strengthening of the interface with decision makers. A crucial component of this approach is the implementation of adaptation assessment frameworks that are relevant, robust, and easily operated by all stakeholders,

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Section: Changing the Decision Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting agriculture to climate change

Howden¹,

Soussana

Tubiello

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,680

1,003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although efforts have been made to develop common definitions and generic prescriptions, especially through the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and in national assessment processes, these have not yet generated a coherent conceptual framework or a clear research agenda (Smit et al, 2000;Parson et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning to Adapt: Organisational Adaptation to Climate Change Impacts

2006

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Analysis of human adaptation to climate change should be based on realistic models of adaptive behaviour at the level of organisations and individuals. The paper sets out a framework for analysing adaptation to the direct and indirect impacts of climate change in business organisations with new evidence presented from empirical research into adaptation in nine case-study companies. It argues that adaptation to climate change has many similarities with processes of organisational learning. The paper suggests that business organisations face a number of obstacles in learning how to adapt to climate change impacts, especially the weakness and ambiguity of signals about climate change and uncertainty about the benefits of adaptation measures.Organisations rarely adapt 'autonomously', since their adaptive behaviour is influenced by policy and market conditions, and draws on resources external to the organisation. The paper identifies four adaptation strategies that pattern organisational adaptive behaviour.

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“…Relatively recent policy driven scientific efforts to predict regional climate changes are also found at local and regional scales, for example, in the United Kingdom (McKenzie Hedger et al,.2006;West and Gawith, 2005) and in the United States (Hayhoe et al, 2004;Moser, 2005;Parson et al, 2003). UKCIP works on a contract basis with different sub-national regions or local communities.…”

Section: Assessing Regional and Local Impacts Through Sub-national Scmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the U.S., initial climate impact assessment was conducted through an extensive nationwide effort (NAST, 2000). This national process featured a broad-based consultative process to engage local stakeholders across different regions of the United States in the preparation and vetting of these reports (Moser, 2005;Parson et al, 2003). Although the national process in the United States after 2000, with the change in administration under President George W. Bush, the regional networks of people who worked on these studies have continued to support regional impact assessments in state and/or non-governmental venues (e.g.…”

Section: Assessing Regional and Local Impacts Through Sub-national Scmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cities, Climate Change and Multilevel Governance

2009

OECD Environment Working Papers

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Cities represent a challenge and an opportunity for climate change policy. As the hubs of economic activity, cities generate the bulk of GHG emissions and are thus important to mitigation strategies. Urban planning will shape future trends and the concentration of population, socio-economic activity, poverty and infrastructure in urban areas translates into particular vulnerability to increased climate hazards. City governments and urban stakeholders will therefore be essential in the design and delivery of cost-effective adaptation policies. Further, by empowering local governments, national policies could leverage existing local experiments, accelerate policy responses, foster resource mobilization and engage local stakeholders. This paper presents a framework for multilevel governance, showing that advancing governance of climate change across all levels of government and relevant stakeholders is crucial to avoid policy gaps between local action plans and national policy frameworks (vertical integration) and to encourage cross-scale learning between relevant departments or institutions in local and regional governments (horizontal dimension). Vertical and horizontal integration allows two-way benefits: locally-led or bottom-up where local initiatives influence national action and nationally-led or top-down where enabling frameworks empower local players. The most promising frameworks combine the two into hybrid models of policy dialogue where the lessons learnt are used to modify and fine-tune enabling frameworks and disseminated horizontally, achieving more efficient local implementation of climate strategies.globalisation, environmental policy, competitiveness, supply chain, eco-innovation

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Understanding Climatic Impacts, Vulnerabilities, and Adaptation in the United States: Building a Capacity for Assessment

Cited by 46 publications

References 81 publications

Adapting agriculture to climate change

Adapting agriculture to climate change

Learning to Adapt: Organisational Adaptation to Climate Change Impacts

Cities, Climate Change and Multilevel Governance

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