Understanding changes in cellulose crystalline structure of lignocellulosic biomass during ionic liquid pretreatment by XRD

Zhang, Jiafu; Wang, Yixun; Zhang, Liye; Zhang, Ruihong; Liu, Guangqing; Cheng, Gang

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.10.009

Cited by 164 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Similarly, an additional minor peak appeared at 2θ near 35⁰ (Table 2). These features were more similar to those of cellulose and other lignocellulosic materials (Tserki et al, 2005;Zhang et al, 2014). Tserki et al (2005) reported that the XRD patterns of spruce flour and oil husk flour exhibited two well defined peaks at 2θ of 22.0⁰ (major) and 34.4⁰ (minor), and a broad shoulder at 2θ near 16.0⁰.…”

Section: Xrd Examinationsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…These features were attributed to cellulose crystallographic form I. Furthermore, weaker shoulder at 2θ near 16.0⁰ would suggest that cellulose I lattice was severely distorted with a low order (i.e., high amounts of amorphous materials such as lignin, hemicelluloses, and amorphous cellulose) (Zhang et al, 2014). In our samples, the shoulder at 16⁰ was not observed.…”

Section: Xrd Examinationmentioning

confidence: 53%

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Surface Characterization of Cottonseed Meal Products by SEM, SEM-EDS, XRD and XPS Analysis

He¹,

Cheng²,

Olanya³

et al. 2017

JMSR

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The utilization of cottonseed meal products as valuable industrial materials needs to be exploited. We have recently produced water-washed cottonseed meal, total cottonseed protein, sequentially extracted water-and alkali-soluble proteins, and two residues after the total and sequential protein extractions at a pilot scale. In this work, the surface characteristics of the six cottonseed meal products were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that the surface properties of the six products differed from those of a commercial soy protein flour examined comparatively in this work. The compact morphology and relative-high N composition were observed in all three protein products, with greater similarity between the total protein and alkali-soluble protein. The surfaces of the two residue products were more porous with polysaccharide features. Washed cottonseed meal possessed the surface features similar to those of the residues. In the meantime, the N-associated functional groups were under-represented in the surfaces of all samples, compared to their bulk composition. Information derived from this work increased the understanding of the surface functional properties of cottonseed meal products, which would benefit their practical utilization.

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Section: Xrd Examinationsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Xrd Examinationmentioning

confidence: 53%

Surface Characterization of Cottonseed Meal Products by SEM, SEM-EDS, XRD and XPS Analysis

He¹,

Cheng²,

Olanya³

et al. 2017

JMSR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The strong hydrogen bond acceptance of the acetate anion enabled the destruction of the hydrogen network of the polymer chain in the coconut shell. The high hydrogen basicity of acetate anion allows it to attack free hydroxyl groups and cleave intra and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which lead to increase the dissolution of biomass (Sun et al 2009;Brandt et al 2012;Luo et al 2013;Zhang et al 2014). Anions influence the degree of lignin structural modifications, which leads to the cleavage of different linkages within lignin, and also controls the solubility of lignin (George et al 2011;Sun et al 2011).…”

Section: Effect Of the Cations And Anions In The Ionic Liquids On Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin Extraction from Coconut Shell Using Aprotic Ionic Liquids

2017

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Coconut shell, a natural biopolymer, is available in high amounts as waste in many countries. It could potentially be a crucial renewable source of raw materials for the carbon fiber industry. In this study, a series of aprotic ionic liquids, [Bmim] Cl. The recyclability of the ionic liquids during the dissolution process (up to four times) was also scrutinized. The structure and properties of the untreated coconut shell and regenerated lignin were characterized by Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR).

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“…Then, the mixture was placed into an oil bath and heated under vigorous magnetic stirring (500 rpm) at 130 °C for 5 h under N2 atmosphere (Soheilmoghaddam et al 2014;Zhang et al 2014). After the complete dissolution of cellulose in [BMIM]Cl, the dissolved cellulose was cooled down to 100 o C. DNBZ-Cl (the molar ratios of DNBZ-Cl to glucose units in cellulose is 2:1) and DMAP (5% of the cellulose amount) were added to the flask under stirring (500 rpm) for 30 min.…”

Section: Preparation Of Cellulose Dinitrobenzoatementioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Cellulose Dinitrobenzoate Prepared in Ionic Liquid for the Removal Of Creatinine

Dai¹,

Ren²,

Kong³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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Creatinine is one of the major toxins in patients suffering from chronic renal failure. In this paper, cellulose dinitrobenzoate, with a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.15, was used as an oral adsorbent for creatinine adsorption. Cellulose dinitrobenzoate was prepared by modification of cellulose with 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) ionic liquid as a homogenous medium. The effects of contact time, pH, adsorption temperature, and initial concentration of creatinine on the adsorption per unit mass of cellulose dinitrobenzoate were studied, comparatively. Results showed that the maximum adsorption per unit mass for creatinine was 3.88 mg/g. Furthermore, the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. It was determined that the experimental results were well fitted to the pseudo-second-order rate equation and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Compared with traditional oral adsorbents, this cellulose-based adsorbent was biocompatible and could remove creatinine from dialysate effectively.

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Understanding changes in cellulose crystalline structure of lignocellulosic biomass during ionic liquid pretreatment by XRD

Cited by 164 publications

References 20 publications

Surface Characterization of Cottonseed Meal Products by SEM, SEM-EDS, XRD and XPS Analysis

Surface Characterization of Cottonseed Meal Products by SEM, SEM-EDS, XRD and XPS Analysis

Lignin Extraction from Coconut Shell Using Aprotic Ionic Liquids

Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Cellulose Dinitrobenzoate Prepared in Ionic Liquid for the Removal Of Creatinine

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