Understanding cardiac arrhythmias

Chakrabarti, S.; Stuart, Graham

doi:10.1136/adc.2005.076984

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Tachyarrhythmias are augmentations in heartbeat in response to rapid firing of the sinoatrial node. Its causes can be the consequences of premature systoles, supraventricular and ventricular dysfunctions, and fibrillations (2,8).…”

Section: Walkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac rhythm dance protocol: a smartphone-assisted, hands-on activity to introduce concepts of cardiovascular physiology and scientific methodology

Monteferrante

Cruz

Mogadouro

et al. 2018

Advances in Physiology Education

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Physiology teaching resources have advanced to include innovative pedagogical approaches that meet the learning expectations of the current generation of students, while at the same time ensuring content delivery is accurate and the use of technologies is appropriate. We developed a quick experimental assay protocol to introduce the basic concepts of cardiac rhythms, and to demonstrate simultaneously that smartphone applications are a reliable and cost-effective tool for data collection in teaching the scientific method and performing physiology activities. The cardiac rhythm dance (CRD) protocol engages students in dancing a cardiac cyclelike movement to the rhythm of classical, pop, and samba music, and measuring their own cardiac frequency. Students collected their own data using the app Instant Heart Rate (Azumio). The CRD protocol allowed students to conclude that cardiac cycle-like movements paced by a pop song could represent the normal cardiac rhythm, whereas a classical song induced a significant reduction of heart rate, and the samba song significantly increased heart rate compared with the pop song. After group discussion, students considered that the pop rhythm is more realistic of day-by-day movement rhythms and is equivalent to the steady state of daily cardiac rhythms. Students considered the bradycardic and tachycardic movements to the dancing performed to the classical and samba rhythms, respectively. Thus the CRD protocol provides a multiple sensory-based and active learning resource that can engage students in learning cardiovascular physiology and recognizes smartphones as scientific instruments for collecting data during hands-on activities.

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Section: Walkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac rhythm dance protocol: a smartphone-assisted, hands-on activity to introduce concepts of cardiovascular physiology and scientific methodology

Monteferrante

Cruz

Mogadouro

et al. 2018

Advances in Physiology Education

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“…Internally, the cardiac myocyte has a negative charge, which causes a voltage difference across the cell membrane (transmembrane potential) (2)(3)(4). Since the cardiac myocyte is excitable, it can be stimulated to allow ions to move through open channels in the cell membrane (2-4).…”

Section: The Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cardiac membrane potential returns to normal during repolarization via interactions involving sodium, potassium, and calcium, making contraction impossible (2)(3)(4). The resting phase is a period of no net movement of ions across the myocyte cell membrane (2)(3)(4). The duration of the action potential of the myocyte is longer than that of nerve or skeletal muscle because of the slow calcium channels, ensuring a regular cardiac rhythm (4).…”

Section: The Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During depolarization, sodium channels open, allowing the positively charged sodium ions to enter the cell (2-4). The cardiac membrane potential returns to normal during repolarization via interactions involving sodium, potassium, and calcium, making contraction impossible (2)(3)(4). The resting phase is a period of no net movement of ions across the myocyte cell membrane (2)(3)(4).…”

Section: The Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resting phase is a period of no net movement of ions across the myocyte cell membrane (2)(3)(4). The duration of the action potential of the myocyte is longer than that of nerve or skeletal muscle because of the slow calcium channels, ensuring a regular cardiac rhythm (4).…”

Section: The Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrocardiography: A Technologist’s Guide to Interpretation

Tso

Currie

Gilmore

et al. 2015

J. Nucl. Med. Technol.

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CE credit: For CE credit, you can access the test for this article, as well as additional JNMT CE tests, online at https://www.snmmilearningcenter.org. Complete the test online no later than December 2018. Your online test will be scored immediately. You may make 3 attempts to pass the test and must answer 80% of the questions correctly to receive 1.0 CEH (Continuing Education Hour) credit. SNMMI members will have their CEH credit added to their VOICE transcript automatically; nonmembers will be able to print out a CE certificate upon successfully completing the test. The online test is free to SNMMI members; nonmembers must pay $15.00 by credit card when logging onto the website to take the test.The nuclear medicine technologist works with electrocardiography when performing cardiac stress testing and gated cardiac imaging and when monitoring critical patients. To enhance patient care, basic electrocardiogram interpretation skills and recognition of key arrhythmias are essential for the nuclear medicine technologist. This article provides insight into the anatomy of an electrocardiogram trace, covers basic electrocardiogram interpretation methods, and describes an example case typical in the nuclear medicine environment.

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Reduced Models of Cardiomyocytes Excitability: Comparing Karma and FitzHugh–Nagumo

2021

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Since Noble adapted in 1962 the model of Hodgkin and Huxley to fit Purkinje fibres, the refinement of models for cardiomyocytes has continued. Most of these models are high-dimensional systems of coupled equations so that the possible mathematical analysis is quite limited, even numerically. This has inspired the development of reduced, phenomenological models that preserve qualitatively the main feature of cardiomyocyte’s dynamics. In this paper, we present a systematic comparison of the dynamics between two notable low-dimensional models, the FitzHugh–Nagumo model (FitzHugh in Bull Math Biophys 17:257–269, 1955, J Gen Physiol 43:867–896, 1960, Biophys J 1:445–466, 1961) as a prototype of excitable behaviour and a polynomial version of the Karma model (Karma in Phys Rev Lett 71(7):16, 1993, Chaos 4:461, 1994) which is specifically developed to fit cardiomyocyte’s behaviour well. We start by introducing the models and considering their pure ODE versions. We analyse the ODEs employing the main ideas and steps used in the setting of geometric singular perturbation theory. Next, we turn to the spatially extended models, where we focus on travelling wave solutions in 1D. Finally, we perform numerical simulations of the 1D PDE Karma model varying model parameters in order to systematically investigate the impact on wave propagation velocity and shape. In summary, our study provides a reference regarding key similarities as well as key differences of the two models.

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Understanding cardiac arrhythmias

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Cardiac rhythm dance protocol: a smartphone-assisted, hands-on activity to introduce concepts of cardiovascular physiology and scientific methodology

Cardiac rhythm dance protocol: a smartphone-assisted, hands-on activity to introduce concepts of cardiovascular physiology and scientific methodology

Electrocardiography: A Technologist’s Guide to Interpretation

Reduced Models of Cardiomyocytes Excitability: Comparing Karma and FitzHugh–Nagumo

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