Understanding and managing the introduction pathways of alien taxa: South Africa as a case study

Faulkner, Katelyn T.; Robertson, Mark P.; Rouget, Mathieu; Wilson, John R.

doi:10.1007/s10530-015-0990-4

Cited by 58 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…Invasions differ from natural colonisation in biogeographical, ecological and anthropogenic dimensions (Rejmánek 2000), and historically too little research has focussed on how species are moved around (Puth and Post 2005). This is changing, and there has been a recent focus on introduction pathways (Essl et al 2015a;Cope et al 2016;Faulkner et al 2016;Ricciardi 2016;Seebens et al 2016). Moreover, species that have arrived in a new region through human-mediated extra-range dispersal or through natural colonisation can, of course, also co-opt the same dispersal pathways once in a region.…”

Section: All Down the Linementioning

confidence: 99%

Biological invasions and natural colonisations are different – the need for invasion science

Wilson¹,

García‐Díaz²,

Cassey³

et al. 2016

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In a recent Discussion Paper, Hoffmann and Courchamp (2016) posed the question: are biological invasions and natural colonisations that different? This apparently simple question resonates at the core of the biological study of human-induced global change, and we strongly believe that the answer is yes: biological invasions and natural colonisations differ in processes and mechanisms in ways that are crucial for science, management, and policy. Invasion biology has, over time, developed into the broader transdisciplinary field of invasion science. At the heart of invasion science is the realisation that biological invasions are not just a biological phenomenon: the human dimension of invasions is a fundamental component in the social-ecological systems in which invasions need to be understood and managed.

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Section: All Down the Linementioning

confidence: 99%

Biological invasions and natural colonisations are different – the need for invasion science

Wilson¹,

García‐Díaz²,

Cassey³

et al. 2016

Self Cite

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“…The global trade in ornamental nursery stock is the dominant pathway by which invasive alien plants have been introduced worldwide (Dodd, Burgman, McCarthy, & Ainsworth, 2015;Faulkner, Robertson, Rouget, & Wilson, 2016;Jiang et al, 2011;Lambdon et al, 2008;Lehan, Murphy, Thorburn, & Bradley, 2013;Rojas-Sandoval & Acevedo-Rodriguez, 2015). This is not surprising since the ornamental nursery trade (comprising commerce in finished, bareroot and seedling trees, shrubs, ground covers, grasses, vines and aquatic plants of sale size, bulbs and seeds) is largely built around commerce in alien plant species, their hybrids, cultivars and varieties (Drew, Anderson, & Andow, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating invasive species policies across ornamental horticulture supply chains to prevent plant invasions

Hulme

Brundu

Carboni

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Ecology

126

107

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Abstract1. Ornamental horticulture is the primary pathway for invasive alien plant introductions. We critically appraise published evidence on the effectiveness of four policy instruments that tackle invasions along the horticulture supply chain: pre-border import restrictions, post-border bans, industry codes of conduct and consumer education.2. Effective pre-border interventions rely on rigorous risk assessment and high industry compliance. Post-border sales bans become progressively less effective when alien species become widespread in a region.

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“…Alien species are introduced to areas outside their native ranges through a multitude of pathways, whose relative importance depends on the characteristics of the organism (Hulme et al 2008). There is extensive and growing literature on pathways, both from a general perspective (Hulme et al 2008, Hulme 2009, Wilson et al 2009) and for specific taxa, regions, and pathways (Reichard and White 2001, Garc ıa-Berthou et al 2005, Katsanevakis et al 2013, Faulkner et al 2016, Saul et al 2017. The importance of pathways has long been recognized and their identification is explicitly required in Aichi Target 9 (CBD 2010).…”

Section: Pathways Of Species Introductionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A four‐component classification of uncertainties in biological invasions: implications for management

et al. 2019

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Although uncertainty is an integral part of any science, it raises doubts in public perception about scientific evidence, is exploited by denialists, and therefore potentially hinders the implementation of management actions. As a relatively young field of study, invasion science contains many uncertainties. This may explain why, despite international policies aimed at mitigating biological invasions, the implementation of national‐ and regional‐scale measures to prevent or control alien species has done little to slow the increase in extent of invasions and the magnitude of impacts. Uncertainty is therefore a critical aspect of invasion science that should be addressed to enable the field to progress further. To improve how uncertainties in invasion science are captured and characterized, we propose a framework, which is also applicable to other applied research fields such as climate and conservation science, divided into four components: the need (1) to clearly circumscribe the phenomenon, (2) to measure and provide evidence for the phenomenon (i.e., confirmation), (3) to understand the mechanisms that cause the phenomenon, and (4) to understand the mechanisms through which the phenomenon results in consequences. We link these issues to three major types of uncertainty: linguistic, psychological, and epistemic. The application of this framework shows that the four components tend to be characterized by different types of uncertainty in invasion science. We explain how these uncertainties can be detrimental to the implementation of management measures and propose ways to reduce them. Since biological invasions are increasingly tightly embedded in complex socio‐ecological systems, many problems associated with these uncertainties have convoluted solutions. They demand the consensus of many stakeholders to define and frame the dimensions of the phenomenon, and to decide on appropriate actions. While many of the uncertainties cannot be eliminated completely, we believe that using this framework to explicitly identify and communicate them will help to improve collaboration between researchers and managers, increase scientific, political, and public support for invasion research, and provide a stronger foundation for sustainable management strategies.

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Understanding and managing the introduction pathways of alien taxa: South Africa as a case study

Cited by 58 publications

References 54 publications

Biological invasions and natural colonisations are different – the need for invasion science

Biological invasions and natural colonisations are different – the need for invasion science

Integrating invasive species policies across ornamental horticulture supply chains to prevent plant invasions

A four‐component classification of uncertainties in biological invasions: implications for management

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