Understanding and Managing Neurally Mediated Syncope in the Adolescent

Abstract

Syncope and near-syncopal symptoms are common events in the adolescent population. Syncope is defined as the transient loss of postural tone and consciousness with spontaneous recovery. Although most syncopal events are benign, they can generate extreme anxiety in the adolescent and his or her family. The re-occurrence of these events can have a negative impact on an adolescent's participation in daily activities. Understanding the process of assessment, diagnosis, and management of these teens can enable the school nurse to augment initial assessment and to support the prescribed treatment plan. This knowledge then can be used to help allay the adolescent's anxiety and to support efforts at self-management. This article explores current literature in regards to etiology, diagnosis, and medical treatment, and advocates a self-management protocol for neurally mediated syncope in the adolescent population with support of that plan by the school nurse.