Understanding and managing marine protected areas through integrating ecosystem based management within maritime cultural landscapes: Moving from theory to practice
“…Additionally, the management strategies that may be adopted to accomplish place-based historical resource preservation are different, involving those such as managing the impacts related to the disturbance from expanded access and directed archaeological surveys to identify significant historical resources. These two different management goals can be accomplished together [29], but both need to be explicitly included in the goals and scope of the authority for that protected area.…”
Section: Purpose Objectives and Rationalementioning
confidence: 99%
“…MPAs provide place-based management and oversight of resources, and many programs include maritime heritage values within the scope of their protection. As new MPAs are being evaluated, and as existing sites' management plans are revised and adapted, maritime heritage landscapes, and the intent to preserve these landscapes through a precautionary approach, could be integrated as a management strategy, complementing ecological landscape approaches such as ecosystem-based management [29]. Implementing such a strategy within an MPA may be useful to help ensure that sufficient resources are provided to conduct an oversight of this implementation and an evaluation of its effectiveness.…”
Section: Ongoing Initiatives Into Which This Approach Might Be Integrmentioning
The Arctic region is changing rapidly and dramatically as a result of climate change, perhaps two to three times faster than other areas of the world. Its inaccessibility, remoteness, and low population density no longer offers sufficient protection from expanding human use and development for its rich and diverse natural and cultural heritage. While considerable attention is being focused on better understanding and more effectively protecting its natural resources, far less is being done to identify and preserve this region's significant maritime heritage resources. This remoteness and inaccessibility that has protected Arctic resources for so long has also constrained our capacity to conduct sufficient archaeological studies to inform and guide the place-specific identification and preservation of what remains of this compelling history and heritage. The wilderness landscape of the Arctic has a rich and relatively well-documented historical record, spanning more than 2000 years of exploration and commerce, and of Indigenous cultures stretching further back over 4000-6000 years. More effectively using this historical record to identify significant maritime cultural landscapes in the Arctic and expanding the use of precautionary approaches to the preservation of these landscapes will not only assist in establishing regional priorities for targeted archaeological surveys and investigations, but will also likely minimize what will be lost forever as the inevitable "ice-free Arctic", as well as its expanded human footprint, approaches.
“…Additionally, the management strategies that may be adopted to accomplish place-based historical resource preservation are different, involving those such as managing the impacts related to the disturbance from expanded access and directed archaeological surveys to identify significant historical resources. These two different management goals can be accomplished together [29], but both need to be explicitly included in the goals and scope of the authority for that protected area.…”
Section: Purpose Objectives and Rationalementioning
confidence: 99%
“…MPAs provide place-based management and oversight of resources, and many programs include maritime heritage values within the scope of their protection. As new MPAs are being evaluated, and as existing sites' management plans are revised and adapted, maritime heritage landscapes, and the intent to preserve these landscapes through a precautionary approach, could be integrated as a management strategy, complementing ecological landscape approaches such as ecosystem-based management [29]. Implementing such a strategy within an MPA may be useful to help ensure that sufficient resources are provided to conduct an oversight of this implementation and an evaluation of its effectiveness.…”
Section: Ongoing Initiatives Into Which This Approach Might Be Integrmentioning
The Arctic region is changing rapidly and dramatically as a result of climate change, perhaps two to three times faster than other areas of the world. Its inaccessibility, remoteness, and low population density no longer offers sufficient protection from expanding human use and development for its rich and diverse natural and cultural heritage. While considerable attention is being focused on better understanding and more effectively protecting its natural resources, far less is being done to identify and preserve this region's significant maritime heritage resources. This remoteness and inaccessibility that has protected Arctic resources for so long has also constrained our capacity to conduct sufficient archaeological studies to inform and guide the place-specific identification and preservation of what remains of this compelling history and heritage. The wilderness landscape of the Arctic has a rich and relatively well-documented historical record, spanning more than 2000 years of exploration and commerce, and of Indigenous cultures stretching further back over 4000-6000 years. More effectively using this historical record to identify significant maritime cultural landscapes in the Arctic and expanding the use of precautionary approaches to the preservation of these landscapes will not only assist in establishing regional priorities for targeted archaeological surveys and investigations, but will also likely minimize what will be lost forever as the inevitable "ice-free Arctic", as well as its expanded human footprint, approaches.
“…An integrated and holistic approach to management is becoming increasingly critical, as coastal and marine challenges continue to grow in complexity. As summarized by Barr (): Coasts and coastal communities around the world are subject to many complex and potentially significant problems. Changing shorelines, the collapse of traditional fisheries, economic downturns, loss of wetlands, open space preservation, changing demographics, and the pressures facing communities with seasonal tourism surges in population and demands for services all present challenges.…”
Section: Maritime Cultural Landscapesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An integrated and holistic approach to management is becoming increasingly critical, as coastal and marine challenges continue to grow in complexity. As summarized by Barr (2013):…”
ABSTRACT1. The US Office of National Marine Sanctuaries has a robust Maritime Heritage Program (MHP), now 13 years old.2. MHP is a carefully created and managed part of an overall strategy to encourage ocean conservation and the creation of marine protected areas.3. MHP utilizes a variety of strategies to engage the public, work collaboratively, and use the power of 'people stories' to connect a wide audience with the ocean.
“…Research efforts so far also seem to have placed much more attention to study and document, preserve and protect inland CH monuments; and put them in a spatial planning context, compared to UCH [2]. As a result, UCH such as remnants of cities and civilizations, sites of archaeological interest, sunk martial equipment, ancient harbors, and ship or plane wrecks that are associated with important historical or war events (e.g., WW I and II) [3,4], although encompassing remarkable social, cultural, environmental, and economic values, remain in many cases largely unknown, unexplored, and unprotected as well as unexploited, in a sustainable way, for fulfilling purposes of historical remembrance and local development. This is due, among others, to a variety of difficulties that UCH identification, exploration, and protection implies; and results in a certain knowledge deficit as to their location, current condition, potential risks these are exposed to, or opportunities that can emerge from them for the society as a whole.…”
Small islands in the Mediterranean Sea, although endowed with exquisite land and maritime natural and cultural resources, are in most cases lagging behind areas, mainly due to insularity. Through their long history, many of them are strongly interwoven to events of European or even global significance, e.g., World War (WW) I and II. Such events have left in their “bodies” important remains, largely conditioning their socio-economic trajectory. Preservation and sustainable management of this Cultural Heritage (CH) is, in this work, perceived as a two-sided coin, serving endurance of European identity, memory, and CH for future generations on the one side; and leveraging future cultural tourism trails of these disadvantaged areas on the other. The goal of this article is to ‘unbury’ land and maritime, tangible and intangible, cultural remains and use them to unveil heritage-led development paths of small Mediterranean islands. This is demonstrated through a specific case study, a distinguishable insular territory and WW II battlefield scenery, Leros Island, Greece; and is accomplished by a participatory spatial planning framework, embedding scenario planning, spatial data management, and e-participation technologies (Web-GIS, social networks) for community engagement. The latter is valued for assessing options available for an integrated, sustainable, and resilient exploitation of land and maritime CH; and raising awareness of local population as to the role of CH as enabler for the transition from past failures to more promising, culturally-driven, and locally-adjusted future development trails.
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