Understanding and control of interactions between carbon nanotubes and polymers for manufacturing of high-performance composite materials

Chazot, Cécile A. C.; Hart, A. John

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2019.107795

Cited by 68 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…We chose R and R' to be meta-phenyl groups because these groups are known to form π-π interactions with CNTs, which are stronger than Van der Waals forces. [5] The process is performed as follows ( Figure 1b): a CNT sheet is first immersed in an aqueous solution containing m-phenylene diamine. After a set time, the sheet is removed from the solution, excess liquid is flung off, and then the sheet (still imbibed with the aqueous solution) is immersed in an organic solvent (chloroform or cyclohexanone) with dissolved isophthaloyl chloride.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Interfacial Polymerization: A Technique for Rapid Formation of Highly Loaded Carbon Nanotube‐Polymer Composites

Chazot

Jons

Hart

2020

Adv Funct Materials

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Composites of polymers and organized carbon nanotube (CNT) networks have been proposed as next-generation lightweight structural materials, yet polymer infiltration of CNT networks often results in stress-concentrating heterogeneities, due to local CNT aggregation or incomplete infiltration. Herein, it is demonstrated that dense CNT-polymer composites with tailored polymer distribution can be obtained by interfacial polymerization (IP), performed in situ within CNT networks. Three regimes of the in situ interfacial polymerization (ISIP) process are identified: a reaction-limited regime where the polymer forms beads on the CNTs; a uniformly-filled regime with polymer throughout the CNT network; and a transport-limited regime with polymer only near the outer surface of the network. Uniform polyamide-CNT composite sheets obtained by this method have a Young's modulus of 31 GPa and a tensile strength of 776 MPa, which is a twofold increase compared to the pristine CNT sheets. Premature failure of the composites is attributed to large voids in the pristine CNT sheets, suggesting that further improved mechanical properties can be achieved with a more homogeneous CNT network. Nevertheless, the rapid rate and overall controllability of ISIP suggest its viability for formation of polymers within CNT networks via roll-to-roll methods.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Interfacial Polymerization: A Technique for Rapid Formation of Highly Loaded Carbon Nanotube‐Polymer Composites

Chazot

Jons

Hart

2020

Adv Funct Materials

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“…In fact, it has been shown in different graphene/PVDF [12] and CNT/PVDF [15] composites with low filler content into the PVDF matrix, that their presence do not influence the spherulitic size and the kinetics of crystallization, the cross-section SEM images demonstrating a homogeneous dispersion of the nanocarbonaceous fillers, independently of the filler type and content [12]. Morphological analysis of the nanocarbonaceous/polymer composites have been intensively studied in literature [7,50,51], the present results being in agreement with the reported literature (data not shown).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, their application as sensors materials are being widely studied due to their simple manufacturing and integration into devices [6,7]. Some of the most used fillers for strain sensing functionalization of polymers are carbon nanoallotropes, such as carbon black (CB) [8], graphene (G) and its oxidized forms (graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) [8,9] and carbon nanotubes (CNT) [7,10]. With the inclusion of conductive nanoparticles, polymer nanocomposites increase their piezoresistive response, i.e., under a mechanical solicitation their resistance changes linearly with applied strength [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromechanical Properties of PVDF-Based Polymers Reinforced with Nanocarbonaceous Fillers for Pressure Sensing Applications

et al. 2019

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Polymer-based composites reinforced with nanocarbonaceous materials can be tailored for functional applications. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNT) or graphene with different filler contents have been developed as potential piezoresistive materials. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites depend on the PVDF matrix, filler type, and filler content. PVDF 6010 is a relatively more ductile material, whereas PVDF-HFP (hexafluropropylene) shows larger maximum strain near 300% strain for composites with CNT, 10 times higher than the pristine polymer. This behavior is similar for all composites reinforced with CNT. On the other hand, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/PVDF composites decrease the maximum strain compared to neat PVDF. It is shown that the use of different PVDF copolymers does not influence the electrical properties of the composites. On the other hand, CNT as filler leads to composites with percolation threshold around 0.5 wt.%, whereas rGO nanocomposites show percolation threshold at ≈ 2 wt.%. Both nanocomposites present excellent linearity between applied pressure and resistance variation, with pressure sensibility (PS) decreasing with applied pressure, from PS ≈ 1.1 to 0.2 MPa−1. A proof of concept demonstration is presented, showing the suitability of the materials for industrial pressure sensing applications.

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“…In fact, it has been shown in different graphene/PVDF [12] and CNT/PVDF [15] composites with low filler content into the PVDF matrix, that their presence do not influence the spherulitic size and the kinetic of crystallization, the cross-section SEM images demonstrating a homogeneous dispersion of the nanocarbonaceous fillers, independently of the filler type and content [12]. Morphological analysis of the nanocarbonaceous/polymer composites have been intensively studied in literature [7,50,51], the present results being in agreement with the reported literature (data not shown). The 05CNT/6010 sample shows an initial modulus near E≈ 1.4 GPa.…”

Section: Mechanical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, their application as sensors materials is being widely studied due to their simple manufacturing and integration into devices [6,7]. Some of the most used fillers for strain sensing functionalization of polymers are carbon nanoallotropes, such as carbon black (CB) [8], graphene (G) and its oxidized forms (graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) [8,9] and carbon nanotubes (CNT) [7,10]. With the inclusion of conductive nanoparticles, polymer nanocomposites increase their piezoresistive response, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromechanical Properties of PVDF-Based Polymers Reinforced with Nanocarbonaceous Fillers for Pressure Sensing Applications

Teixido¹,

Lanceros‐Méndez²,

Abete³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Polymer-based composites reinforced with nanocarbonaceous materials can be tailored for functional applications. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNT) or graphene with different filler contents have been developed as potential piezoresistive materials. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites depend of the PVDF matrix, filler type and filler content. PVDF 6010 is a relatively more ductile material, whereas PVDF-HFP shows larger maximum strain near 300% strain for composites with CNT, 10 times higher than the pristine polymer. This behaviour is similar for all composites reinforced with CNT. On the other hand, rGO/PVDF composites decrease the maximum strain compared to neat PVDF. It is shown that the use of different PVDF copolymers does not influence the electrical properties of the composites. On the other hand, CNT as filler leads to composites with percolation threshold around 0.5 wt.%, whereas reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites shows percolation threshold at ≈2 wt.%. Both nanocomposites present excellent linearity between applied pressure and resistance variation, with pressure sensibility (PS) decreasing with applied pressure, from PS≈ 1.1 to 0.2 MPa-1. A proof of concept demonstration is presented, showing the suitability of the materials for industrial pressure sensing applications.

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Understanding and control of interactions between carbon nanotubes and polymers for manufacturing of high-performance composite materials

Cited by 68 publications

References 146 publications

In Situ Interfacial Polymerization: A Technique for Rapid Formation of Highly Loaded Carbon Nanotube‐Polymer Composites

In Situ Interfacial Polymerization: A Technique for Rapid Formation of Highly Loaded Carbon Nanotube‐Polymer Composites

Electromechanical Properties of PVDF-Based Polymers Reinforced with Nanocarbonaceous Fillers for Pressure Sensing Applications

Electromechanical Properties of PVDF-Based Polymers Reinforced with Nanocarbonaceous Fillers for Pressure Sensing Applications

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