Understanding aerosol based emissions in a Post Combustion CO2 Capture process: Parameter testing and mechanisms

Khakharia, Purvil; Brachert, L.; Mertens, Jan; Anderlohr, C.; Huizinga, Arjen; Fernández, Eva Sánchez; Schallert, B.; Schaber, Karlheinz; Vlugt, Thijs J. H.; Goetheer, Earl

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.01.001

Cited by 61 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Their study also revealed that amine was entrained by aerosol, which was produced from SO3. A pilot plant at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology conducted a series of aerosol studies and estimated gas-particle growth mechanism (Brachert et al, 2014;Khakharia et al, 2015;Mertens et al, 2014). Mertens et al (2014) found that the sizes of H2SO4 aerosols, with 10 8 #/cm 3 particle number concentration (PNC), entering the absorber were smaller than 0.2 μm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-scale Modeling and Study of Aerosol Growth on Amine-Based CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Absorber

Kang¹,

Liu²,

Wong³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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In this study, a monoethanolamine aerosol growth model was developed to investigate the aerosol growth factor. Interactions among the internal conditions in an absorber were considered in this aerosol model. Additionally, an experiment was conducted to measure aerosol particle size, for collecting in-house validation data. Sucrose was used as the aerosol nuclei instead of sulfuric acid to prevent the corrosion of equipment used in the experiment. Experimental results showed that the outlet aerosol sizes increased to the same size regardless of the sucrose concentrations. The aerosol growth model was validated using the in-house experimental data. The aerosol growth model efficiently predicted the aerosol size. For investigating aerosol growth effects, particle number concentration was determined to be the primary factor affecting aerosol growth and amine emissions. When the particle number concentration increased, the aerosol size decreased, whereas the MEA emission increased.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also observed that higher sulfuric acid concentration increased the aerosol size; however, it did not affect the PNC. Khakharia et al (2015) reported that amine solvents could condense on the surface of nuclei and get carried away to the atmosphere. SO3/H2SO4 nuclei formed the aerosols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-scale Modeling and Study of Aerosol Growth on Amine-Based CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Absorber

Kang¹,

Liu²,

Wong³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The presence of fine particles in the flue gas could be attributed to a "penetration window," which is the size range of particles that pass through the ESP, around 100 nm for traditional ESPs (Strand et al 2002;Ylätalo and Hautanen 1998;Zhuang et al 2000). Consequently, a large number of fine particles provide seed nuclei onto which volatile amine species condense, causing significant amine emissions from CO 2 scrubbers (Kamijo et al 2013;Khakharia et al 2015Khakharia et al , 2013Mertens et al 2014;2012;. A laboratory study on CO 2 capture found that when soot particles, which contain mostly carbon and result from incomplete coal combustion, were present in the flue gas, the amine emission loss was 2-4 times higher than that without fine particles present in the inlet gas (Khakharia et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of aerosol and gas emissions from a coal-fired power plant under various operating conditions

Biswas

2018

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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The concentrations of fine particles and selected gas pollutants in the flue gas entering the stack were measured under several common operation modes in an operating coal power plant producing electricity. Particle size distributions in a diameter range from 10 nm to 20 μm were measured by a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), and the flue gas temperature and concentrations of CO and SO were monitored by a continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS). During the test campaign, five plant operating modes were studied: soot blowing, bypass of flue-gas desulfurization (FGD), reheat burner operating at 0% (turned off), 27%, and 42% (normal condition) of its full capacity. For wet and dry aerosols, the measured mode sizes were both around 40 nm, but remarkable differences were observed in the number concentrations (#/cm, count per square centimeter). A prototype photoionizer enhanced electrostatic precipitator (ESP) showed improved removal efficiency of wet particles at voltages above +11.0 kV. Soot blowing and FGD bypass both increased the total particle number concentration in the flue gas. The temperature was slightly increased by the FGD bypass mode and varied significantly as the rating of reheat burner changed. The variations of CO and SO emissions showed correlations with the trend of total particle number concentration possibly due to the transitions between gas and particle phases. The results are useful in developing coal-fired power plant operation strategies to control fine particle emissions and developing amine-based CO capture technologies without operating and environmental concerns associated with volatile amine emissions. Implications: The measurement of the fine particle size distributions in the exhaust gas under several common operating conditions of a coal-fired power plant revealed different response relations between aerosol number concentration and the operating condition. A photo-ionizer enhanced ESP was demonstrated to capture fine particles with higher efficiency compared to conventional ESPs, and the removal efficiency increased with the applied voltage. The characteristic information of aerosols and main gaseous pollutants in the exhaust gas is extremely important for developing and deploying CO scrubbers, whose amine emissions and operating effectiveness depends greatly on the upstream concentrations of fine particles, SO, from the power plant.

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“…Some of these amines, such as monoethanolamine (MEA), 2-amino-2-methylpropanol (AMP) and piperazine (PZ), are known to be volatile, and therefore they can be emitted to the atmosphere together with the treated flue gas stream (Khakharia et al 2015). These amine compounds can react with other compounds in the carbon capture system and the atmosphere to form a wide range of components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia emission from CO2 capture pilot plant using aminoethylethanolamine

Spietz

Chwoła

Krótki

et al. 2017

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Amine post-combustion carbon capture technology is based on washing the flue gas with a solvent that captures CO 2 . Thus, a small fraction of this solvent can be released together with the cleaned flue gas. This release may cause environmental concerns, both directly and indirectly through subsequent solvent degradation into other substances in the atmosphere. The paper presents the ammonia emission from CO 2 capture pilot plant (1 tonne CO 2 per day) using 40 wt% aminoethylethanolamine solvent, along with the efficiency of the water wash unit. In addition, the temperature effect of lean amine entering the absorber on ammonia emission was studied. Furthermore, the concentrations of other compounds such as SO 2 , SO 3 , NO 2 , CS 2 and formaldehyde were monitored. The literature review on the NH 3 emission from a pilot plant using aminoethylethanolamine solvent has not been published. The results show that the main source of ammonia emission is the absorber and that emission (in the range 27-50 ppm) corresponds to typical NH 3 release from CO 2 capture pilot plant using an amine solvent. The emission of amines and amine degradation products is a complex phenomenon which is difficult to predict in novel solvents, and for this reason the significance of new solvents testing in a pilot scale has been highlighted.

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Understanding aerosol based emissions in a Post Combustion CO2 Capture process: Parameter testing and mechanisms

Cited by 61 publications

References 39 publications

Multi-scale Modeling and Study of Aerosol Growth on Amine-Based CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Absorber

Multi-scale Modeling and Study of Aerosol Growth on Amine-Based CO<sub>2</sub> Capture Absorber

Investigation of aerosol and gas emissions from a coal-fired power plant under various operating conditions

Ammonia emission from CO2 capture pilot plant using aminoethylethanolamine

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