Underground water affects sexual behavior and gene expression of hormones related to reproduction in blue gourami males

Abstract

This study examined the effect of underground water on reproduction-and growth-related hormones in blue gourami males under non-reproductive and reproductive conditions. An increase in the percentage of males building nests under the highest percentage of underground water were compared to fish that maintained a lower percentage of underground water in the first two days. The % Gonado-somatic index (GSI) of males building nests was higher than nonreproductively active males in water containing the lowest concentration of underground water. In nonreproductively active males, brain gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1) and pituitary β subunit of gonadotropins (GtHs) and prolactin (PRL) mRNA levels were significantly higher in males maintained in underground water. In reproductively active males, mRNA levels of brain GnRH1, gonadotropin releasing hormone 3 (GnRH3) and pituitary PRL mRNA levels were significantly higher than males maintained in underground water. Thus, it is suggested that underground water with high salinity and conductivity levels affects the gene expression of reproduction-related hormones; in reproductively active males, it shortened the duration of nest-building by blue gourami males.

Somatolactin Transcription during Oogenesis in Female Blue Gourami (<i>Trichogaster trichopterus</i>)

“…The mRNA levels of SL in the gourami pituitary were determined [20]. The SL in the pituitary and the relative abundance of mRNA were normalized with the mRNA of the endogenous reference gene, 18 S subunit of rRNA (18 S rRNA), using the comparative threshold cycle (CT) method according to [21].…”

Male Blue Gourami (<i>Trichogaster trichopterus</i>) Nest-Building Behavior Is Affected by Other Males and Females

“…The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of males and females on nest-building blue gourami under experimental conditions [11]. Water of different salinities affected hormones involved in reproduction and male nest-building [12]. In non-reproductively active males, mRNA levels of brain gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1), pituitary βFSH and prolactin (PRL) were significantly higher in males maintained in underground water.…”

“…In reproductively active males, mRNA levels of brain GnRH1, GnRH3 and pituitary PRL were significantly higher than in males maintained in saline water. Thus, it is suggested that underground water having high levels of salinity and conductivity affects the gene expression of reproduction-related hormones; in reproductively active males, it shortened the duration of nest-building by blue gourami males [12]. Another very important parameter of interaction between males and females is that of pheromones [13]- [16].…”

Effects of natural carotenoids on the body coloration and growth performance of Blue Gourami fish (Trichogaster trichopterus)

“…Since, synthetic additives are expensive, recent research has focused on natural substances. Blue gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus) is an attractive colored fish in the ornamental fish industry and has potential market demand worldwide (Degani 2013). The current study evaluates the effects of marigold and china rose petal and carrot mixed diet on the growth and pigmentation of Blue Gourami.…”