Underground GPR measurements for spatial investigations in a salt dome

Gundelach, V.; Blindow, N.; Buschmann, Ulrich; Salat, Christina

doi:10.1109/icgpr.2012.6254910

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Tilt derivative filters (TDR; Verduzco et al 2004) were successfully applied to aeromagnetic and gravity data over the Farasan Islands to map the general distribution of near-surface diapiric structures (Almalki et al 2014(Almalki et al , 2015. Near-surface diapirs could also be identified in low-conductive environments using ground penetrating radar (GPR; Siever and Elsen 2010; Gundelach et al 2012). Forward modeling of integrated geophysical data (e.g., gravity and seismic data) can illustrate the spatial distribution of diapiric structures (Almalki et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Geophysical and Radar Interferometric Techniques to Monitor Land Deformation Associated with the Jazan Salt Diapir, Jazan city, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2021

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Using integrated Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) datasets (Envisat: 2003–2009; Sentinel-1: 2014–2018), local gravity surveys, and passive seismic data, we investigated the environmental hazards associated with the rise of the Miocene Jazan salt diapir (JZD; ~ 2 km2) within Jazan city, Saudi Arabia, and identified areas at risk in its immediate surroundings. Our findings include (1) the JZD outcrop and its northern, southern and western bordering areas have been undergoing substantial uplift (up to 4.7 mm/yr), whereas the sabkhas to the east are witnessing subsidence (up to − 7.5 mm/yr); (2) a low Bouguer anomaly (7.5 mGal) was observed over the JZD relative to its surroundings (8.5–12 mGal) with the steepest gradient along its eastern side; (3) strong and clear horizontal/vertical (H/V) spectral ratio peak and high frequency (5–10 Hz) over the JZD outcrop and areas proximal to its western margin, but areas to the east have a weak H/V peak and low frequency (1.5-3 Hz); (4) drilling confirmed presence of a shallow (4 m) salt bedrock layer west of the JZD and the absence of this layer to its east (up to depths of 60 m); (5) uplift patterns along the diapir margins are indicative of near-vertical contact along the JZD eastern margin and less steep contacts along the remaining margins; and (6) additional near-surface diapirs could potentially be identified in the vicinity of the JZD using our integrated approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Geophysical and Radar Interferometric Techniques to Monitor Land Deformation Associated with the Jazan Salt Diapir, Jazan city, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2021

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“…1). The older salt has higher conductivity [13]. The salt of these sequences can be divided into different layers according to their varying properties (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of internal salt structures with GPR amplitudes

Gundelach

Blindow

Buschmann

et al. 2013

2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar

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In salt deposits with low electric conductivity ground penetrating radar (GPR) is an efficient non destructive tool for the exploration of internal structures. Faulted salt layers, potassium, clay, and anhydrite can be mapped by measuring distance and direction of reflecting objects. Various antenna types help to enhance resolution or penetration depth. Additional information about the conductivity of reflecting structures is included in the attenuation of the direct and reflected signals. Within the last two decades unique results from a salt dome in Northern Germany with various GPR systems were achieved. With this information a classification of various salt structures can be made by studying the signal amplitudes of reflections and of the direct wave between transmitting and receiving antenna, especially with borehole measurements.

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“…The low resistivity property of diverse salt sources allows the implementation of various electrical and electromagnetic techniques (e.g., Avdeeva et al., 2012; Barrett et al., 2005; Hoversten et al., 2000; Yaramanci, 2000; Yaramanci & Flach, 1992). Encouraging results of laboratory and field tests of GPR in salt deposits introduces GPR as a tool for the exploration of the salt dome (e.g., Behlau & Mingerzahn, 2001; Gundelach et al., 2012; Holser et al., 1972; Kovin, 2011; Siever et al., 2010). The lower density of salt minerals, compared to its surrounding sedimentary sequences, motivates a gravity study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D joint interpretation of potential field, geology, and well data to evaluate a salt dome in the Qarah‐Aghaje area, Zanjan, NW Iran

Ghari

Varfinezhad

Parnow

2023

Near Surface Geophysics

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As geophysical parameters are not always functionally related, treating multiple geophysical data sets to have a realistic geological model is not straightforward. An effective strategy to derive a geological interpretation is a combination of several geophysical methods with geological and well observations, each with its advantages and limitations. Gravity and magnetic methods are encouraging tools to investigate salt domes due to enough density and susceptibility contrasts between salt minerals and the background sedimentary rocks. In this paper, the dome-shaped salt unit in the Qarah-Aghaje area in Zanjan, located in the northwestern part of Iran, is investigated through the integration of 3D inversion models obtained from gravity and magnetic data and geological and well information. The 3D inversion of both data sets is made using a weighted damped minimum length solution for which model weighting is constructed from multiplying depth weighting and compactness constraints. At first, a synthetic case with a high degree of similarity to the real case is considered to evaluate the efficiency of the adopted inverse algorithm. Then, the inversion algorithm is implemented on the collected gravity and magnetic methods, and interpretation is made utilizing 3D obtained inverse models and geologic and well data. The result shows a dome-shaped potash-bearing salt unit that starts from a depth of 12 m and continues to the depth of 200 m. The drilled well in the centre of the main source of the salt (Well 3) demonstrates a depth range of 11-115 m.

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Underground GPR measurements for spatial investigations in a salt dome

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Use of Geophysical and Radar Interferometric Techniques to Monitor Land Deformation Associated with the Jazan Salt Diapir, Jazan city, Saudi Arabia

Use of Geophysical and Radar Interferometric Techniques to Monitor Land Deformation Associated with the Jazan Salt Diapir, Jazan city, Saudi Arabia

Correlation of internal salt structures with GPR amplitudes

3D joint interpretation of potential field, geology, and well data to evaluate a salt dome in the Qarah‐Aghaje area, Zanjan, NW Iran

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