Underdogs make an alliance: The co‐experience of rejection promotes cooperation

Miao, Xiaoyu; Chan, Kai Qin; Gao, Cong; Lv, Sa‐Sa; Zhu, Yuxi; Wang, Zuojun

doi:10.1111/bjso.12368

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…In addition, when individuals are ostracized together and belong to a common group, the shared experience also increases identification with this group. Our results are consistent with recent research investigating the impact of shared rejection on social bonds (Gao et al, 2021; Miao et al, 2020). These studies show that sharing ostracism with a partner increases perceived similarity, which increases social bonds and cooperation with this partner.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…It appears that the target who shares ostracism could determine with whom the individual will identify (Schmitt et al, 2003). Thus, when the partner who shares the ostracism is from an outgroup, the individual increases psychological closeness with this individual – but does not identify with the ingroup – because the outgroup member seems to offer the alternative relationship likely to restore inclusion needs (Miao et al, 2020; Richman & Leary, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, being ostracized with other ingroup members might increase group identification and foster the perception that these specific others could provide effective inclusion (Armenta & Hunt, 2009; Bourguignon et al, 2006; Haslam et al, 2005). More recently, Miao et al (2020) showed that sharing an experience of ostracism with a stranger increases social bonds via the desire to restore belongingness needs. In this context, it seems that identification with others could be highlighted when group members share an experience of ostracism.…”

Section: Social Ostracism As a Painful Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

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et al. 2022

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Abstract. Experiencing ostracism is a painful situation that can urge a desire to restore social bonds. However, few studies have investigated the conditions under which it leads to ingroup identification. In three studies using minimal groups ( N = 611), we have investigated the consequences of coexperiencing ostracism for group identification and well-being. In Study 1a and 1b ( N = 171; N = 211), the results showed that sharing a common experience of ostracism with an ingroup member increases ingroup identification but does not improve psychological needs during the ostracism experience. In Study 2 ( N = 230), we replicated our results on identification and showed that sharing ostracism fosters psychological closeness with the partner ostracized but does not moderate need recovery.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Social Ostracism As a Painful Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

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et al. 2022

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“…Our study directly compared the effects of positive and negative experiences on cooperative behavior and provided evidence on the moderating variables. Regarding the effect on promoting cooperation, some researchers believe positive experiences perform better than negative experiences [10], while others believe negative experience may have stronger effect on cooperative behavior [25]. The conflicts reflect that the effects of positive/negative experience on cooperative behavior may be moderated by other variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Positive and Negative Experiences on Cooperative Behavior: The Role of Sharedness

Wang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Cooperation is a fundamental ingredient of society. However, research on the effects of positive and negative experiences on cooperation remain largely inconsistent. Therefore, through two experiments, the present study examined the effects of positive and negative experiences on cooperative behavior, and the moderation effect of sharedness on this relationship. In Study 1, we directly compared positive and negative experiences in the same context. Seventy-four students participated the experiment (Mage = 19.88, SDage = 2.21). Results showed that participants reported higher levels of cooperative behavior in negative experiences than in positive experiences. In Study 2, we examined the moderation effect of sharedness on the relationship between positive/negative experiences and cooperative behavior. The result of the experiments involving 126 participants (Mage = 19.53, SDage = 1.14) showed a significant interaction effect between positive/negative experiences and sharedness on cooperative behavior. Participants exhibited higher level of cooperative behavior in shared negative experiences than in shared positive experiences, while there were no significant differences in cooperative behavior between unshared negative and positive experiences. These results suggested that shared negative experiences could facilitate cooperative behavior.

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“…They could use their shared experience as a way to improve well-being on the one hand and increase ingroup identification on the other. For example, research shows that sharing ostracism in groups increases needs recovery (van Beest et al, 2012), promotes group identification, psychological closeness, and cooperation between coexperiencers (Gao et al, 2021; Jaubert et al, 2022; Miao et al, 2020). However, none of these studies evaluated attributions to discrimination and their possible impact on the effects observed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of intergroup ostracism on identity and affective responses: Exploring the role of perceived discrimination.

Jaubert,

Benchaib,

Chekroun

et al. 2024

Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice

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Objectives: While the effects of interindividual ostracism have been widely studied, the effects of intergroup ostracism have received less attention. In this study, we are interested in the consequences of intergroup ostracism on perceived discrimination, identity responses and well-being. Method: A total of 110 participants in psychology were randomly assigned to three ostracism experiences. Participants either shared ostracism with an ingroup member, with an outgroup member, or did not share ostracism. Results: The results show that ostracism, whether shared or not, increases identification but does not increase perceived entitativity of the group. The results also show that when ostracism is shared with an outgroup member-the condition with less perceived discrimination-participants indicate more psychological need satisfaction. Discussion: Taken together, these results shed light the importance of considering attributions to discrimination in the phenomenon of ostracism. Highlights and Implications• Participants who attribute ostracism to discrimination display less psychological need satisfaction than participants who perceived less discrimination.• Sharing ostracism (i.e., as a coexperience) did not moderate identity responses as well as psychological need satisfaction.• This study highlights the importance of considering perceived discrimination during ostracism even among nonstigmatized groups.

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Underdogs make an alliance: The co‐experience of rejection promotes cooperation

Cited by 8 publications

References 63 publications

You Are Not Alone!

You Are Not Alone!

Effects of Positive and Negative Experiences on Cooperative Behavior: The Role of Sharedness

The effect of intergroup ostracism on identity and affective responses: Exploring the role of perceived discrimination.

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