Undercorrection of refractive error and cognitive function: the Beijing Eye Study 2011

Xu, Liang; Wang, Ya X.; You, Qi Sheng; Belkin, Michael; Jonas, Jost B.

doi:10.1111/aos.12265

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This possibility may have important implications because refractive error is easily corrected. 37,38 We observed that subjects wearing reading glasses did better in cognitive function as measured by the MMSE-blind. It is possible that simple availability of corrective eyeglasses has the potential to decrease the risk for cognitive deterioration; however, more studies are needed to support this statement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Correlation Between Vision and Cognitive Function in the Elderly

et al. 2016

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The correlation between vision and cognition is not fully understood. Visual impairment in the elderly has been associated with impaired cognitive function, dementia, and Alzheimer disease. The aim was to study the correlation between near visual acuity (VA), refraction, and cognitive state in an elderly population.Subjects ≥75 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Refraction and near VA was tested. Cognitive function was evaluated with a version of the mini-mental state examination for the visually impaired (MMSE-blind). The eye with better VA and no cataract or refractive surgery was analyzed.One-hundred ninety subjects (81.6 ± 5.1 years, 69.5% female) were included. Good VA (≤J3) was associated with high MMSE-blind (>17) (OR = 3.18, 95% CI = 1.57–6.43, P = 0.001). This remained significant adjusting for sex, age, and years of education. Wearing reading glasses correlated significantly with high MMSE-blind after adjustment for sex and age (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.16–3.97, P = 0.016), but reached borderline significance after adjustment for education. There was a trend toward correlation between myopia and better MMSE-blind (r = −0.123, P = 0.09, Pearson correlation).Good VA and wearing glasses seem to correlate with better cognitive function. Reading glasses can serve as a protective factor against cognitive deterioration associated with sensory (visual) deprivation in old age. The association between myopia and cognition requires further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Nevertheless, it is possible that preventing visual impairment could help prevent the development of cognitive decline. It was recently suggested 37,38 that under-corrected refractive error has a role in developing cognitive dysfunction. This possibility may have important implications because refractive error is easily corrected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Vision and Cognitive Function in the Elderly

et al. 2016

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“…Another example may be providing simple reading glasses. In the population-based Beijing Eye Study, higher cognitive function was associated with a lower amount of undercorrection of refractive error after adjusting for younger age, rural region of habitation, educational level, occupation, depression score, BCVA and history of cardiovascular disorder 44. Correspondingly, individuals wearing glasses for correction of their refractive error as compared with subjects without glasses showed a significantly higher cognitive score.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In the population-based Beijing Eye Study, higher cognitive function was associated with a lower amount of undercorrection of refractive error after adjusting for younger age, rural region of habitation, educational level, occupation, depression score, BCVA and history of cardiovascular disorder. 44 Correspondingly, individuals wearing glasses for correction of their refractive error as compared with subjects without glasses showed a significantly higher cognitive score. These results also fit with observations made in a study by Rogers and Langa, who reported that in an 8.5-year follow-up study, poor vision at baseline was associated with incident dementia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Concurrent vision and hearing impairment associated with cognitive dysfunction in a population aged 85+ years: the Ural Very Old Study

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of vision impairment, hearing impairment and dual sensory impairment (DSI) as combination of vision and hearing impairment, in association with cognitive dysfunction in a population aged 85+ years.MethodsThe cross-sectional population-based Ural Very Old Study, conducted in rural and urban Bashkortostan, Russia, between 2017 and 2020, included a detailed ocular and systemic examination with assessment of moderate to severe vision impairment (MSVI)/blindness (best-corrected visual acuity <6/18), moderate to severe hearing loss (MSHL) and cognitive function.SettingA rural and urban area in Bashkortostan, Russia.ParticipantsOut of 1882 eligible individuals aged 85+ years, 1526 (81.1%) individuals participated.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence of vision, hearing and DSI and cognitive dysfunction.ResultsThe study included 731 (47.9%) individuals (mean age 88.1±2.7 years; median 87 years, range 85–98 years) with measurements of MSVI/blindness, MSHL and cognitive function. The prevalence of MSVI/blindness, MSHL, DSI and dementia were 51.8% (95% CI 48.2% to 55.5%), 33.1% (95% CI 29.7% to 36.5%), 20.5% (95% CI 17.8% to 23.5%) and 48.2% (95% CI 44.5% to 51.8%), respectively. Lower cognitive function score was associated with lower visual acuity (p<0.001) and higher hearing loss score (p=0.03), after adjusting for older age (p=0.001), rural region of habitation (p=0.003), lower educational level (p<0.001) and higher depression score (p<0.001). Higher dementia prevalence was associated with higher MSHL prevalence (OR 2.18 95% CI 1.59 to 2.98; p<0.001), higher MSVI/blindness prevalence (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.81; p<0.001) and higher DSI prevalence (OR 2.80, 95% CI 1.92 to 4.07; p<0.001).ConclusionsIn this very old, multiethnic population from Russia, DSI (prevalence 20.5%), as compared with hearing impairment (OR 2.18) and vision impairment alone (OR 2.09), had a stronger association (OR 2.80) with dementia. The findings show the importance of hearing and vision impairment, in particular their combined occurrence, for dementia prevalence in an old population.

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“…Sensory impairments may also increase the cognitive load required for sensory processing, which may lead to poor cognitive outcomes (Pigeon et al, 2019) or result in direct alteration of brain structure, including both regional and whole-brain atrophy, due to decreased afferent sensory input (Hultsch et al, 1999; Lin et al, 2014; McEwen, 2000; Peelle et al, 2011,Whitson, 2018). Conversely, preserving sensory function may be protective of cognitive function and brain structure in both vision (Lim et al, 2020; Tamura et al, 2004; Xu et al, 2014) and hearing (Dawes et al, 2015).…”

Section: Background and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Late-Life Self-Reported Vision and Hearing Impairments with Cognitive Function: A 3-Year Longitudinal Mediation Analysis Through Social Isolation

Yorgason

Tanner

Richardson

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background and Objectives: Vision impairment (VI), hearing impairment (HI), and dual sensory impairment (DSI), are prevalent among older adults and have been associated with cognitive impairment in later life. Knowledge about mediating pathways that account for the association between sensory impairment and cognitive impairment is scarce. Mediators of this association could serve as possible future intervention targets. We examined longitudinal associations between sensory impairment and cognitive functioning indirectly through social isolation. Research Design and Methods: Data were taken from a nationally representative panel study, The National Health and Aging Trends Study, an annual survey of Medicare beneficiaries age ≥ 65. Participants (N = 6,286) from Rounds 5, 6, and 7 (2015, 2016, 2017), with complete data on self-reported VI and/or HI status at baseline. Structural equation models were estimated to test longitudinal direct and indirect associations. Results: Adjusting for covariates, cross-sectional results indicated that all sensory impairments (VI, HI, and DSI) were negatively associated with all cognitive functioning measures through social isolation. Longitudinally, only VI was indirectly associated with word-recall scores across 1 and 2 years through social isolation, as well as across 2 years for orientation. Discussion and Implications: As social isolation is both a consequence of sensory impairment and a risk factor for cognitive impairment, it provided a starting point from which to study the process of cognitive decline among those with sensory impairments. Awareness of the association of sensory impairment with social isolation, as well as its longitudinal implications for cognitive health, may enhance our ability to intervene.

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Undercorrection of refractive error and cognitive function: the Beijing Eye Study 2011

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Correlation Between Vision and Cognitive Function in the Elderly

Correlation Between Vision and Cognitive Function in the Elderly

Concurrent vision and hearing impairment associated with cognitive dysfunction in a population aged 85+ years: the Ural Very Old Study

The Association of Late-Life Self-Reported Vision and Hearing Impairments with Cognitive Function: A 3-Year Longitudinal Mediation Analysis Through Social Isolation

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