Under the tip of the iceberg: Psychological factors in incontinence

Molinuevo, Beatriz; Batista-Miranda, J.E.

doi:10.1002/nau.21216

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This result seems plausible given that UI has been linked to a range of ‘safety-seeking behaviors’ that are used to manage the condition and its effects, such as avoiding contact with others, intimacy and activities outside the home [45] that might all lead to social isolation among those with UI and give rise to feelings of loneliness. Moreover, the results from the analyses examining UI severity also seem to support this idea as activity limitations were strongly associated with loneliness in the whole sample and when the analysis was restricted to those with UI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, a recent study has reported that a lower sense of mastery significantly contributes to the association between depression and (emotional) loneliness [27] while other research has indicated that UI is associated with a lower sense of mastery [46] and that there is an association between a poor sense of mastery and depression in those with UI [47]. One of the safety-seeking behaviors among those with UI – inquiring frequently if he or she smells [45] – might also be a factor that links depression and loneliness, as a more general connection has been shown to exist between seeking reassurance excessively and both depression and interpersonal rejection [48]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Urinary incontinence, mental health and loneliness among community-dwelling older adults in Ireland

Stickley¹,

Santini²,

Koyanagi³

2017

BMC Urol

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BackgroundUrinary incontinence (UI) is associated with worse health among older adults. Little is known however, about its relation with loneliness or the role of mental health in this association. This study examined these factors among older adults in Ireland.MethodsData were analyzed from 6903 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 50 collected in the first wave of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) in 2009–11. Information was obtained on the self-reported occurrence (yes/no) and severity (frequency/activity limitations) of UI in the past 12 months. Loneliness was measured using the UCLA Loneliness Scale short form. Information was also obtained on depression (CES-D), anxiety (HADS-A) and other sociodemographic variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between variables.ResultsIn a model adjusted for all potential confounders except mental disorders, compared to no UI, any UI was associated with significantly higher odds for loneliness (odds ratio: 1.51). When depression was included in the analysis, the association was attenuated and became non-significant while the inclusion of anxiety had a much smaller effect. Similarly, although frequency of UI and activity limitations due to UI were both significantly associated with loneliness prior to adjustment for mental disorders, neither association remained significant after adjustment for both depression and anxiety.ConclusionUI is associated with higher odds for loneliness among older community-dwelling adults but this association is largely explained by comorbid mental health problems, in particular, depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary incontinence, mental health and loneliness among community-dwelling older adults in Ireland

Stickley¹,

Santini²,

Koyanagi³

2017

BMC Urol

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“…It is possible that women with UI, and particularly those with severe symptoms, are embarrassed by their condition and that lifestyle changes due to UI (e.g., avoiding social activities) may adversely impact mental health [3]. The association may also be bi-directional.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In several large studies of U.S. women aged 50 years and older, approximately one-third to two-thirds of women reported UI [1,2]. The impact of UI on quality of life can be substantial, including causing embarrassment and shame which may lead to harmful coping behaviors such as decreased participation in social and physical activities [3]. In addition, there is evidence that the prevalence of depression is higher among women with UI compared with those without UI [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary incontinence and prevalence of high depressive symptoms in older black versus white women

et al. 2014

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Introduction and Hypothesis Previous studies have reported higher prevalence of depression among women with urgency or mixed urinary incontinence (UI) than stress UI. Urgency UI is the dominant UI type among black women, while stress UI is the predominant type among white women. Thus, UI-related mental health issues could be a key consideration among black women. We hypothesized that the association between UI and depression might be stronger in black versus white women. Methods These cross-sectional analyses included 934 black and 71,161 white women aged 58-83 in the Nurses’ Health Study, which was established among women living in the USA. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the ten-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CESD-10). Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for high depressive symptoms (CESD-10 score≥10) according to self-reported UI frequency, severity, and type were calculated using logistic regression models. Results Although point estimates for associations of UI frequency, severity, and type with high depressive symptoms were higher in black women, differences in ORs between black and white women were not statistically significant. For example, the OR for at least weekly UI compared with no UI was 2.29 (95% CI 1.30-4.01) in black women and 1.58 (95% CI 1.49-1.68) in white women (p-interaction=0.4). Conclusions We did not find statistically significant differences in associations of UI frequency, severity, and type with high depressive symptoms between black and white women. However, small numbers of black women with high depressive symptoms limited statistical power to detect significant interactions. Thus, these results should be interpreted with caution.

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“…Anxiety and depression are both consistently associated with UUI. In particular, the need to always be near toilet facilities can severely restrict a persons movements outside their home, with its impact on both work and social interaction and is a contributory factor to anxiety or depression . Work productivity can also be impaired by UUI, as demonstrated in the EpiLUTS study whilst the EPIC study found that OAB sufferers are significantly more likely to be unemployed compared to controls (42.0% vs 33.6%) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%