Under-Five Mortality and Associated Factors: Evidence from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (2001–2016)

Ghimire, Pramesh Raj; Agho, Kingsley; Ezeh, Osita Kingsley; Renzaho, Andre Μ Ν; Dibley, Michael J.; Raynes‐Greenow, Camille

doi:10.3390/ijerph16071241

Cited by 26 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Regarding mother's age group, mothers aged above 20 years had more likely to death than below 20 years old mothers, while prior evidence shows that maternal age and child mortality look like a U-shaped curve, being relatively higher in among children born to mothers under age 20 and over age 40 than among mothers in the middle age groups [8,9,11,12]. In support of this, mothers aged < 20 years and having a first birth were significantly associated with under-five mortality [37]. Having a religious belief of Muslims is 1.20 times (AOR � 1.20; 95% CI: 1.02-1.41) more likely to child death than orthodox religious believers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In 2018, 5.3 (5.1-5.7) million under-five children died, shows reduction from 12.5 (12.4-12.7) million in 1990. e estimated rate of 93 (92-95) deaths per 1000 live births in 1990 reduced to 39 (37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42) deaths per 1000 live births in 2018, implies 1 in 11 children dying before reaching age 5 in 1990, while it is reduced to 1 in 26 in 2018, a 59 (55-60) percent decline [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Under-Five Mortality and Associated Risk Factors in Rural Settings of Ethiopia: Evidences from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

Gebremichael

Fenta

2020

Advances in Public Health

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Background. Evidence shows that in Ethiopia, a gradual decrease of under-five mortality is observed, but it is still high in the rural settings of the country. We are motivated to investigate the socioeconomic, demographic, maternal and paternal, and child-related associated risk factors of under-five mortality given birth from rural resident mothers. Methods. Demographic and Health Survey data from Ethiopia (2016) were used for analysis. The chi-square test of association and logistic regression were used to determine the associated risk factors of under-five children mortality. Study Settings. Rural Ethiopia. Results. Secondary school and above completed fathers (AOR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.63–0.94) and primary school completed mothers (AOR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.72–0.93); multiple twin child (AOR = 4.50; 95% CI: 3.38–5.98); public sector delivery (AOR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.55–0.76); had working of mother (AOR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.16–1.42) and of father (AOR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.25–1.69); mothers aged above 16 at first birth (AOR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.37–0.45); breastfeeding (AOR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.55–0.66); birth order of 2-3 (AOR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.02–1.37); religious belief of Muslim (AOR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.02–1.41); users of contraceptive method (AOR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.71–0.90); vaccinated child (AOR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.46–0.60); family size of 4–6 (AOR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.63–0.86) and of seven and above (AOR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.36–0.52); mother’s age group: aged 20–29 (AOR = 3.88; 95% CI: 3.08–4.90), aged 30–39 (AOR = 16.29; 95% CI: 12.66–20.96), and aged 40 and above (AOR = 55.97; 95% CI: 42.27–74.13); number of antenatal visits: 1–3 visits (AOR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.43–0.58), and four and above visits (AOR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.39–0.54); and preceding birth interval of 25–36 months (AOR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.48–0.62) and above 36 months (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.26–0.34) are significant determinant factors of under-five mortality in rural settings. Conclusions. Differences in regions, educated parents, born in singleton, public sector delivery, nonavailability of occupation of parents, mothers older than 16 at first birth, breastfeeding, use of a contraceptive method, child vaccination, higher number of family size, repeated antenatal visits, and preceding birth interval play a significant role regarding the survival of under-five children. These, among other differences, should be addressed decisively as part of any upcoming strategic interventions to improve the survival of children in line with the target of 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Under-Five Mortality and Associated Risk Factors in Rural Settings of Ethiopia: Evidences from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

Gebremichael

Fenta

2020

Advances in Public Health

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“…Based on the results of this study, concentrated efforts aimed at sensitizing the population (especially women of childbearing age) to the use of family planning, skilled antenatal care, SBA, and child vaccination will help improve the survival of children (Corsi/Subramanian 2014;Ghimire et al 2019;Rockli et al 2018;Walker et al 2013). This indicates that activities aimed at increasing knowledge and awareness of the importance of family planning, skilled antenatal care, SBA, child immunization, and other preventive measures for child survival should be conducted with women of childbearing age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study conducted in 35 sub-Saharan countries in 2014 (Corsi/ Subramanian 2014) on DHS data showed that under-fi ve children's mortality was related to the coverage of skilled antenatal care, SBA, vaccinations, and so on. Also, Ghimire et al (2019) conducted a study in Nepal in 2019 that showed that family planning intervention as well as the promotion of universal skilled antenatal care (at least two doses of the tetanus vaccine) are essential in helping improve child survival in Nepal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These inequalities result from various institutional, economic, cultural, and individual factors (Adedini et al 2014;Adedini 2013;Boco 2011;Braveman et al 2004; Corsi/Subramanian 2014; Liwin/Houle 2019; Pedersen 2015; Susuman 2015; Tsawe/Susuman 2014). One of the direct determinants is the set of mothers' preventive health care practices (Garenne/Vimard 1984;Ghimire et al 2019;Houweling/Kunst 2009;Masuy-Stroobant 2002a/b;Mosley/Chen 1984).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mothers’ Preventive Health Care Practices and Children’s Survival in Burkina Faso: Findings from Repeated Cross-sectional Household Surveys

Brenner

Susuman

Romaric

et al. 2020

CPoS

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The significant reduction in the level of child mortality in both developed and developing countries over recent decades has led to an improvement in children’s health. The implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of the health programs needed to reduce child mortality require determination and an understanding of the factors responsible for this reduction. This study investigated factors that have contributed to the recent improvement in the survival of children under five, focusing on the contribution of preventive health care in improving children’s survival rates in Burkina Faso. The data used come from baseline and end-line surveys designed to evaluate the impact of performance-based financing (PBF) on health programs in Burkina Faso. Using time-series for health districts and child-level logistic regression models, we estimated the effect of preventive health care, as summarized by the changes in the composite coverage index (CCI), on under-five child survival of temporal trends and covariates at the household, maternal, and child levels. At the health district level, a unit increase in standardized CCI was associated with an improvement in under-five child survival after adjustment for survey period effects. The linear regression analysis showed that a standardized unit increase in CCI was associated with an increase in the percentage of children under five who survive. At the child level, the logistic regression showed that a skilled attendant at birth (SBA), wealth index, and mother’s parity were associated with under-five children’s survival, after adjustment for the survey period effects and a set of household, maternal, and child-level covariates. Preventive health care is important in improving under-five children’s survival, whereas the effects of economic growth in Burkina Faso remain weak and inconsistent. Improved coverage of preventive health care interventions are likely to contribute to further reductions in under-five mortality in Burkina Faso.

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Risk factors for child survival among tribal dominated states in India: a pooled cross sectional analysis

Dutta

2022

J Pop Research

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Under-Five Mortality and Associated Factors: Evidence from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (2001–2016)

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Under-Five Mortality and Associated Risk Factors in Rural Settings of Ethiopia: Evidences from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

Under-Five Mortality and Associated Risk Factors in Rural Settings of Ethiopia: Evidences from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

Mothers’ Preventive Health Care Practices and Children’s Survival in Burkina Faso: Findings from Repeated Cross-sectional Household Surveys

Risk factors for child survival among tribal dominated states in India: a pooled cross sectional analysis

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