Uncovering the spatial heterogeneity of Ediacaran carbon cycling

Li, Chao; Hardisty, Dalton S.; Luo, Genming; Huang, Junhua; Algeo, Thomas J.; Shi, Wei; An, Zhisheng; Tong, Jinnan; Xie, Shucheng; Jiao, Nianzhi; Lyons, Timothy W.

doi:10.1111/gbi.12222

Cited by 102 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(177 reference statements)

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“…DY, Dengying Formation; NS, Nikol'skaya Formation; NT, Nantuo Formation; UF, Urinskaya Formation. δ 13 C carb profile of the Jiulongwan section is from Li et al (). δ 13 C carb profile of the Bol'shoy Patom section is from Melezhik et al ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SE at the Jiulongwan section (GPS: N 30°48'15.05″, W 111°3'18.61″) is represented by the Doushantuo Member III (Li et al, ; McFadden et al, ), which is about 70 m thick. The lower 40 m is composed of dolostone with bedded chert, and the upper 30 consists primarily of ribbon limestone (see figure 4 in the Supplementary Information of McFadden et al, for a detailed summary of the stratigraphy at the Jiulongwan section).…”

Section: Study Sectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…conceived the study, performed research and analyzed data; C.L., M.C., and S.W. contributed samples from the Jiulongwan section, sample details have been published in Li et al (); D.H. contributed samples from the Death Valley section, sample details have been published in Hardisty et al (); V.M., and B.P. contributed samples from the Siberia section, sample details have been published in Melezhik et al (), Melezhik et al ().…”

Section: Author Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global marine redox changes drove the rise and fall of the Ediacara biota

et al. 2019

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The role of O2 in the evolution of early animals, as represented by some members of the Ediacara biota, has been heavily debated because current geochemical evidence paints a conflicting picture regarding global marine O2 levels during key intervals of the rise and fall of the Ediacara biota. Fossil evidence indicates that the diversification the Ediacara biota occurred during or shortly after the Ediacaran Shuram negative C‐isotope Excursion (SE), which is often interpreted to reflect ocean oxygenation. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding ocean oxygen levels during the SE and the middle Ediacaran Period. To help resolve this debate, we examined U isotope variations (δ238U) in three carbonate sections from South China, Siberia, and USA that record the SE. The δ238U data from all three sections are in excellent agreement and reveal the largest positive shift in δ238U ever reported in the geologic record (from ~ −0.74‰ to ~ −0.26‰). Quantitative modeling of these data suggests that the global ocean switched from a largely anoxic state (26%–100% of the seafloor overlain by anoxic waters) to near‐modern levels of ocean oxygenation during the SE. This episode of ocean oxygenation is broadly coincident with the rise of the Ediacara biota. Following this initial radiation, the Ediacara biota persisted until the terminal Ediacaran period, when recently published U isotope data indicate a return to more widespread ocean anoxia. Taken together, it appears that global marine redox changes drove the rise and fall of the Ediacara biota.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Sectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Author Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global marine redox changes drove the rise and fall of the Ediacara biota

et al. 2019

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“…Most previous studies have suggested that the Shuram NCIE may be related to a period of ocean oxygenation (e.g., Fike et al, ; McFadden et al, ), resulting in the oxidation of a massive 13 C‐depleted dissolved organic carbon (DOC) reservoir in the deep ocean (Fike et al, ; Jiang et al, ; McFadden et al, ; Rothman, Hayes, & Summons, ). However, recent studies also suggested that local heterogeneous and transient oxygenation may have played a critical role in the expanded spatial heterogeneity of δ 13 C and δ 34 S excursions, not only from the Doushantuo Formation shales but also from carbonate platform regions worldwide during the Ediacaran (Li et al, ; Loyd et al, ; Osburn, Owens, Bergmann, Lyons, & Grotzinger, ; Shi et al, ). Therefore, the challenge is to establish the global extent of oceanic redox conditions for this period, which is important for understanding the connection between oceanic oxygenation and the radiation of Ediacaran‐type biota because the oldest Avalon Assemblage occurs in a deep‐water, volcaniclastic setting of the Avalon Zone of Newfoundland (Narbonne, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining oceanic oxygenation during the Shuram excursion in South China using thallium isotopes

et al. 2020

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Ediacaran sediments record an unusual global carbon cycle perturbation that has been linked to widespread oceanic oxygenation, the Shuram negative C isotope excursion (NCIE). However, proxy-based estimates of global ocean redox conditions during this event have been limited largely due to proxy specificity (e.g., euxinic sediments for Mo and U isotopes). Modern global seawater documents a homogenous Tl isotope composition (ε 205 Tl = −6.0) due to significant manganese oxide burial, which is recorded in modern euxinic sediments. Here, we provide new data documenting that sediments deposited beneath reducing but a non-sulfidic water column from the Santa Barbara Basin (ε 205 Tl = −5.6 ± 0.1) also faithfully capture global seawater Tl isotope values. Thus, the proxy utilization of Tl isotopes can extend beyond strictly euxinic settings. Second, to better constrain the global redox conditions during the Shuram NCIE, we measured Tl isotopes of locally euxinic and ferruginous shales of the upper Doushantuo Formation, South China. The ε 205 Tl values of these shales exhibit a decreasing trend from ≈−3 to ≈−8, broadly coinciding with the onset of Shuram NCIE. There are ε 205 Tl values (−5.1 to −7.8) during the main Shuram NCIE interval that approach values more negative than modern global seawater. These results suggest that manganese oxide burial was near or even greater than modern burial fluxes, which is likely linked to an expansion of oxic conditions. This ocean oxygenation may have been an important trigger for the Shuram NCIE and evolution of Ediacaran-type biota. Subsequently, Tl isotopes show an increasing trend from the modern ocean value to values near the modern global inputs or even heavier (ε 205 Tl ≈ −2.5 ~ 0.4), occurring prior to recovery from the NCIE. These records may suggest that there was | 349 FAN et Al. S U PP O RTI N G I N FO R M ATI O NAdditional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section.

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“…3). This discordance may be attributed to more intense diagenetic alteration of the dolostones of the upper Platonovskaya Formation in the stratotype, or to local synsedimentary variations in carbon-isotope fractionation in remote zones of a basin (Klaebe et al 2016;Li et al 2016;Schmid 2017).…”

Section: Litho-and Chemostratigraphical Correlations Of the Platonovsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving Terreneuvian stratigraphy in subtidal–intertidal carbonates: palaeontological and chemostratigraphical evidence from the Turukhansk Uplift, Siberian Platform

Marusin

Кочнев

Karlova

et al. 2019

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Both diverse assemblages of small skeletal fossils and a representative chemostratigraphical record make the Siberian Platform widely regarded as one of the key regions for the reconstruction of global biotic and abiotic events in the late Ediacaran and early Cambrian. However, the wide distribution of intertidal–subtidal facies in the Ediacaran–Cambrian transitional strata of the central and southwestern Siberian Platform (Turukhansk–Irkutsk–Olekma facies region) produces a dramatic depletion of the palaeontological record and considerably limits their age‐calibration and long‐distance correlation. We report new lithological, palaeontological and carbonate carbon‐isotope data for the Ediacaran–Cambrian sections of the Turukhansk Uplift (northwestern Siberian Platform, western facies region). These data provide a robust framework for the chemostratigraphical correlation of the western facies region with sections of the transitional and eastern regions of the Siberian Platform and further confirms a depositional hiatus at the base of the Tommotian Stage in the stratotype section (Aldan River, SE Siberia). The carbon‐isotope curve from the Turukhansk Uplift sections correlates positively with the most chemostratigraphically representative Ediacaran–Cambrian sections (Siberia, Morocco, South China). It records major carbon‐isotope oscillations globally recognized in the lower Cambrian, enabling localization of the Fortunian and Cambrian Stage 2 boundaries in the Platonovskaya Formation. Although there is extreme paucity and poor preservation of the small skeletal fossils in the western facies region, we report individual Barskovia, Blastulospongia and chancelloriid sclerites from the Platonovskaya Formation. A combination of palaeontological and chemostratigraphical data suggests the base of P. antiqua Assemblage Zone is located in the middle Platonovskaya Formation. The earliest spiral gastropods probably occurred at ~541 Ma, as demonstrated by the discovery of a specimen of Barskovia near the base of the large negative excursion in the lower Platonovskaya Formation, correlated with the BACE negative carbon‐isotope peak in the sections of the Yangtze Platform.

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Uncovering the spatial heterogeneity of Ediacaran carbon cycling

Abstract: 23 Records of the Ediacaran carbon cycle (635 to 541 million years ago) include the 24Shuram excursion (SE), the largest negative carbonate-carbon isotope excursion in

Cited by 102 publications

References 69 publications

Global marine redox changes drove the rise and fall of the Ediacara biota

Global marine redox changes drove the rise and fall of the Ediacara biota

Constraining oceanic oxygenation during the Shuram excursion in South China using thallium isotopes

Resolving Terreneuvian stratigraphy in subtidal–intertidal carbonates: palaeontological and chemostratigraphical evidence from the Turukhansk Uplift, Siberian Platform

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