Uncoupling between Bone Formation and Resorption in Ovariectomized Rats with Chronic Cadmium Exposure

Uriu, Kohei; Morimoto, Isao; Kai, Keiko; Okazaki, Yukio; Okada, Yusuke; Qie, Yue Ling; Okimoto, Nobukazu; Kaizu, Kazo; Nakamura, Toshio; Eto, Sumiya

doi:10.1006/taap.2000.8908

Cited by 53 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Although it has been indicated that Cd could cause bone demineralization [20][21][22][23], we did not found any difference in trabecular TBMD between control and Cd-treated rats, which suggested that Cd may have no influence on material density of trabecular bone. In other words, Cd exposure did not induce trabecular bone demineralization.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…Data were shown as means±SD (n=6). *p<0.05, significantly different vs. control revealed the decrease of trabecular number induced by Cd which suggested that Cd could reduce the amount of mineralized bone tissue [22,23]. But histomorphometry method and DXA widely used in other studies only quantify bone loss on 2D histological sections and cannot evaluate bone material density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Cadmium Is More Toxic on Volume Bone Mineral Density than Tissue Bone Mineral Density

Xiao

Zhu

Jin

et al. 2011

Biol Trace Elem Res

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It has been showed that Cd induces low areal bone mineral density, but we do not know the effect of Cd on cubic bone density. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Cd on volumetric bone mineral density (VBMD) and tissue bone mineral density (TBMD) in male rats. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into four groups that were given cadmium chloride by subcutaneous injection at doses of 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.5 mg/kg body weight for 8 weeks, respectively. Then, microcomputed tomography scanning was performed on the proximal tibia, and region of interest was reconstructed using microview software. The VBMD, bone volume fraction of rats treated with 1.5 mg Cd/kg, were significantly decreased compared to control (p < 0.01). The trabecular numbers of rats exposed to Cd were all significantly decreased relative to control (p < 0.05). The trabecular separation of rats treated with 1.5 mg Cd/kg was obviously increased compared to control (p < 0.01). However, Cd had no obvious influence on TBMD. Cd induced low VBMD but not TBMD; Cd effect on bone may be related with trabecular bone loss but not with trabecular bone demineralization.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Cadmium Is More Toxic on Volume Bone Mineral Density than Tissue Bone Mineral Density

Xiao

Zhu

Jin

et al. 2011

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…It has been indicated that bone microstructure is an important determinant aspect of bone strength [18]. A few studies showed the effects of Cd on bone microstructure using histologic methods [9] or at a high level of exposure [10]. However, because the trabecular bone consists of threedimensional network, histomorphological techniques are not sufficient to show the exact three-dimensional definition of bone microstructure [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, bone structure and microarchitecture are also important determinant aspects of bone strength [7,8]. A few previous studies have observed the effects of Cd on bone microstructure using bone histologic methods [9,10], and the results showed that Cd exposure may decrease bone volume fraction and the number of trabecular bone and increase the separation of trabecular bone. Histologic methods only show the two-dimensional images and can only be used for tissues samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT Imaging Biomarkers of Bone Damage Induced by Environmental Level of Cadmium Exposure in Male Rats

Tang

Chen

Bao

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Cadmium (Cd) can induce bone loss and osteoporosis. Histologic methods have shown that Cd can induce microarchitecture change of the trabecular bone. The aim of this study is to evaluate the imaging biomarkers of osteoporosis induced by Cd using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups that were exposed to Cd via drinking water at concentrations of 0, 2, 10, and 50 mg/L for 3 months. Before sacrifice, micro-CT scanning was performed on the proximal tibia. Three-dimensional images were analyzed by using commercial software to measure apparent bone mineral density (ABMD), tissue bone mineral density (TBMD), bone volume/total volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), and structural model index (SMI) as imaging biomarkers. Histologic analyses were performed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Goldner's trichrome stain. Exposure to Cd resulted in a marked decrease of ABMD, BV/TV, and Tb.N and an increase of Tb.Sp and SMI compared with control, especially for those treated with 50 mg Cd/L (p < 0.05). Decreased Tb.N and increased Tb.Sp compared to that of control were also observed in histologic findings. The micro-CT imaging is a promising tool for assessing the bone damage induced by Cd, and Tb.N, Tb.Sp, and SMI may be the potential sensitive imaging biomarkers.

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“…Recent experimental studies on rodents provide further evidence that relatively low Cd exposure interacts with bone density and calcium metabolism [48,57].…”

Section: Excretion Of Calcium and Effects On Bone Densitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Health Risks Associated with Predicted Increase of Cadmium in Cultivated Soils and in the Diet

Louekari

Mäkelä-Kurtto

Jousilahti

2007

Environ Model Assess

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We have assessed the change of the dietary intake and the potential health risks of cadmium in Finland, assuming that a high level of cadmium in fertilizers (138 mg Cd/kg P) would prevail for the next 100 years. Soil measurements and modelling were used to derive the predicted level of cadmium in foods. In three important cultivars, wheat, potato and sugar beet, the cadmium concentration would increase by 20-35%. Consequently, the average dietary intake of cadmium in Finland would increase from 7.9 to 10.0 μg/day, corresponding with the urinary level of about 0.2 μg/l, a level that has not been associated with effects on the human health. However, in the risk group with 1) high dietary intake of cadmium, 2) elevated gastrointestinal absorption, and 3) tobacco smoking, the estimated urinary level of cadmium would be 2.0 μg/l. Recent epidemiological studies have shown that urinary level of 1-2 μg Cd/l is associated with an increased risk of bone demineralization and fractures, and 2-4 μg Cd/ l with pre-clinical kidney damage. People characterized by more than one of the above-mentioned risks factors, may develop the adverse health effects at an old age, when cadmium has accumulated in the body.

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Uncoupling between Bone Formation and Resorption in Ovariectomized Rats with Chronic Cadmium Exposure

Cited by 53 publications

References 40 publications

Cadmium Is More Toxic on Volume Bone Mineral Density than Tissue Bone Mineral Density

Cadmium Is More Toxic on Volume Bone Mineral Density than Tissue Bone Mineral Density

CT Imaging Biomarkers of Bone Damage Induced by Environmental Level of Cadmium Exposure in Male Rats

Health Risks Associated with Predicted Increase of Cadmium in Cultivated Soils and in the Diet

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