Uncoupler-stimulated oxidation of choline by rat-liver mitochondria

Ridder, J.J.M. De; Kleverlaan, N.T.M.; Verdouw-Chamalaun, C.V.M.; Schippers, P.G.M.; Dam, K. Van

doi:10.1016/0005-2728(73)90200-4

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…) An Augustinsson plot of the data for oxidation revealed two slopes. The Km for the lesser slope was 3.8 mM, which is close to that found by DeRidder et al (18) in the rat liver (1.2 mM). The Vmax for the choline oxidase system could not be measured by our assay within a wide range of [14C]choline concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…After re-extraction, 10 ,ul of the supernate was dissolved in 10 ml of Aquasol (New England Nuclear), stored in darkness for 18 40-day-old rats, an average increase in choline kinase activity of 23% over control values was found in the compensating kidney (Table II) These findings further extend our previous reports that choline incorporation into phosphatidylcholine is increased during this period in response to acute nephron loss in the rat and mouse kidney (7) and in response to renal ischemic injury (8). The rapid response suggests that the cell membrane may be involved in the early regulation of cell growth (9-11) and may initiate the response to the loss of nephrons (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Choline pathways during normal and stimulated renal growth in rats.

Bean¹,

Lowenstein²

1978

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Celluilar membrane synthesis ocecurs during normal and stimutlated renal growNth. Choline in the kidney is utilized as a precuirsor for membrane synthesis via the choline kinase reaction. We investigated choline phosphorylation dturing normal and stimulated renal growth. Rapidly growing neonatal rat kidneys contained relatively high levels of choline kinase activity (61 pmol phosphoryleholine/min per mg protein). Choline kinase activity and phosphorvlcholine production then fell gradually over the 1st mo of life; by 1 mo phosphorylcholine produiction was 34 pmol phosphorylcholine/min per mg protein. Choline kinase activity increased by 27% (P < 0.001) in 28-dayold rats when renal growth was stimtulated by contralateral nephrectomy; the increase occuirred wvithin 2 h after suirgery. Thus, changes in the activity of this important enzyme in the initiation of membrane svnthesis is associated both with normal renal development and with adaptation to nephron loss. The findings further stuggest that the cell membrane may be involved in the initiation of compensatory renal growth.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choline pathways during normal and stimulated renal growth in rats.

Bean¹,

Lowenstein²

1978

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Other tissues like blood, spleen and heart displayed very low CHD activity, whereas no detectable activity was reported for muscle and fat tissue [2]. CHD from eukaryotic organisms is associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane on the matrix side [4][5][6]. 1), but it is notably absent in plants where an iron-sulfur choline monooxygenase (CMO; E.C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human choline dehydrogenase: Medical promises and biochemical challenges

Salvi

Gadda

2013

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics

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Human choline dehydrogenase (CHD) is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria primarily in liver and kidney and catalyzes the oxidation of choline to glycine betaine. Its physiological role is to regulate the concentrations of choline and glycine betaine in the blood and cells. Choline is important for regulation of gene expression, the biosynthesis of lipoproteins and membrane phospholipids and for the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine; glycine betaine plays important roles as a primary intracellular osmoprotectant and as methyl donor for the biosynthesis of methionine from homocysteine, a required step for the synthesis of the ubiquitous methyl donor S-adenosyl methionine. Recently, CHD has generated considerable medical attention due to its association with various human pathologies, including male infertility, homocysteinuria, breast cancer and metabolic syndrome. Despite the renewed interest, the biochemical characterization of the enzyme has lagged behind due to difficulties in the obtainment of purified, active and stable enzyme. This review article summarizes the medical relevance and the physiological roles of human CHD, highlights the biochemical knowledge on the enzyme, and provides an analysis based on the comparison of the protein sequence with that of bacterial choline oxidase, for which structural and biochemical information is available.

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Control of choline oxidation by rat-liver mitochondria

Ridder

Dam

1975

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics

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Uncoupler-stimulated oxidation of choline by rat-liver mitochondria

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Choline pathways during normal and stimulated renal growth in rats.

Choline pathways during normal and stimulated renal growth in rats.

Human choline dehydrogenase: Medical promises and biochemical challenges

Control of choline oxidation by rat-liver mitochondria

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