Unconventional hydrocarbon resources in China and the prospect of exploration and development

Jia, Chengzao; Zheng, Mianping; Zhang, Yongfeng

doi:10.1016/s1876-3804(12)60026-3

Cited by 661 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The favorable continental basin areas are roughly 32 9 10 4 km 2 , geological reserves are roughly (17.4-23.8) 9 10 12 m 3 , and recoverable resources are roughly (8.8-12.1) 9 10 12 m 3 (Jia et al 2012). As feasible tight gas exploration areas, the Upper Paleozoic series of the Ordos Basin, the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation of the Sichuan Basin, and the Kuqa deep depression of the Tarim Basin were, respectively, found to have reserves of (5.9-8.15) 9 10 12 , (4.3-5.7) 9 10 12 , and (2.7-3.4) 9 10 12 m 3 .…”

Section: The Promising Potential Of Tight Sandstone Gas In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tight sandstone gas accumulation mechanism and development models

Jiang

Feng

et al. 2015

Pet. Sci.

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Tight sandstone gas serves as an important unconventional hydrocarbon resource, and outstanding results have been obtained through its discovery both in China and abroad given its great resource potential. However, heated debates and gaps still remain regarding classification standards of tight sandstone gas, and critical controlling factors, accumulation mechanisms, and development modes of tight sandstone reservoirs are not determined. Tight sandstone gas reservoirs in China are generally characterized by tight strata, widespread distribution areas, coal strata supplying gas, complex gas-water relations, and abnormally low gas reservoir pressure. Water and gas reversal patterns have been detected via glass tube and quartz sand modeling, and the presence of critical geological conditions without buoyancy-driven mechanisms can thus be assumed. According to the timing of gas charging and reservoir tightening phases, the following three tight sandstone gas reservoir types have been

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Section: The Promising Potential Of Tight Sandstone Gas In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tight sandstone gas accumulation mechanism and development models

Jiang

Feng

et al. 2015

Pet. Sci.

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“…The oil sands resources in China are relatively rich, mainly distributed in provinces of Xinjiang, Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, and Inner Mongolia. The oil sands resources account for about 1/3 of China's recoverable oil and gas reserves (Jia et al, 2012;Cao et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Frequency Ultrasounds Assisted Oil Sands Separation Technology

Ke-jian

Zhang

et al. 2017

Archives of Acoustics

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Ultrasound has a wide range of applications in oil sands separation industry due to its green and nopolluting characteristics. The combined ultrasounds technology has been widely used in many industries by virtue of the synergistic effect of cavitation effect; meanwhile, dual-frequency ultrasounds have been reported being used in lotion oil sands technology. Based on this idea, this study focuses on the application of multiple frequency ultrasounds in oil sands separation, and a comparative study has been conducted between the combined ultrasounds systems with the difference in the number of the ultrasound. The results show that the oil production rate of the samples treated by the lotion of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and assisted by multiple frequency ultrasounds (96%) is significantly higher than that of the single frequency ultrasound (76%); the bigger the number of the ultrasound participating in the combination is, the higher the oil production rate of the oil sands is; the lower the frequency of the ultrasounds employed in the combined system is, the higher the oil production rate is. The optimum treating conditions for tri-frequency ultrasounds assisted technology are as follow: the treating time is 10-15 min, the treating temperature is 20-30• C, the concentration of surfactant in the lotion is 1.5 g/l, and the mass ratio of the lotion to oil sands is 1.8. In short, the use of multiple frequency ultrasounds can improve the oil production rate of oil sands, reduce the energy consumption during the separation process, and reduce the environmental contamination; therefore, multiple frequency ultrasounds assisted oil sands separation technology is a promising technology for oil sands resources exploitation with high efficiency.

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“…These technical advances have resulted in a fundamental shift in North American energy markets, as illustrated by the fast and large-scale development of shale gas and tight oil (EIA 2014). Although shale gas development projects face various challenges due to the uncertainties of environmental impacts and the long-term sustainability of economic development of this energy resource (Cueto-Felguerosoa and Juanesa 2013;Hughes 2013;Inman 2014), the potential economic benefits in North America have inspired shale exploration activities in other continents (Aguilera and Radetzki 2013;Huang et al 2012;Jia et al 2012;Zou et al 2012), such as China with the recent discovery of the Fuling field, a giant shale gas field in the Sichuan Basin (Zuo et al 2015). It is likely that many other countries, particularly in Europe where natural gas supply is tight and politically sensitive, will follow North American shale gas development trends (Aguilera and Radetzki 2013;Monaghan 2014;Slingerland et al 2014;Weijermars 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic appraisal of shale gas resources, an example from the Horn River shale gas play, Canada

Chen

Osadetz

Chen³

2015

Pet. Sci.

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Development of unconventional shale gas resources involves intensive capital investment accompanying large commercial production uncertainties. Economic appraisal, bringing together multidisciplinary project data and information and providing likely economic outcomes for various development scenarios, forms the core of business decision-making. This paper uses a discounted cash flow (DCF) model to evaluate the economic outcome of shale gas development in the Horn River Basin, northeastern British Columbia, Canada. Through numerical examples, this study demonstrates that the use of a single average decline curve for the whole shale gas play is the equivalent of the results from a random drilling process. Business decision based on a DCF model using a single decline curve could be vulnerable to drastic changes of shale gas productivity across the play region. A random drilling model takes those drastic changes in well estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) and decline rates into account in the economic appraisal, providing more information useful for business decisions. Assuming a natural gas well-head price of $4/MCF and using a 10 % discount rate, the results from this study suggest that a random drilling strategy (e.g., one that does not regard well EURs), could lead to a negative net present value (NPV); whereas a drilling sequence that gives priority to developing those wells with larger EURs earlier in the drilling history could result in a positive NPV with various payback time and internal rate of return (IRR). Under a random drilling assumption, the breakeven price is $4.2/MCF with more than 10 years of payout time. In contrast, if the drilling order is strictly proportional to well EURs, the result is a much better economic outcome with a breakeven price below the assumed well-head price accompanied by a higher IRR.

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Unconventional hydrocarbon resources in China and the prospect of exploration and development

Cited by 661 publications

References 4 publications

Tight sandstone gas accumulation mechanism and development models

Tight sandstone gas accumulation mechanism and development models

Multiple Frequency Ultrasounds Assisted Oil Sands Separation Technology

Economic appraisal of shale gas resources, an example from the Horn River shale gas play, Canada

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