Unconjugated steroids in leiomyomas and tumor-bearing myometrium

Otubu, J. A. M.; Buttram, Veasy C.; Besch, Norma F.; Besch, Paige K.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(82)90640-8

Cited by 57 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Quantitative differences, however, have been demonstrated between leiomyomas and myometrium in the tissue concentrations of ovarian hormones, their receptors, and a key metabolizing enzyme. In one study, the concentration of 17β-estradiol was significantly higher in leiomyomas than myometrium, especially in the proliferative phase, whereas no difference in the concentration of progesterone was found (Otubu et al 1982). The authors speculated that the higher levels of estradiol in the leiomyomas could be related to lower levels of the enzyme 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, which accelerates the conversion of estradiol to estrone.…”

Section: Laboratory Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Because estradiol up-regulates both of these receptors, the increased concentration of estradiol in these tumors compared with that in the myometrium (Otubu et al 1982) could be indicative of a pathogenetic link to the development of leiomyomata. The demonstration of reduced activity in leiomyomas of the enzyme 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Eiletz et al 1980;Pollow et al 1978b), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of estradiol to estrone, would seem to provide a plausible explanation for the accumulation of estradiol in these tumors (Otubu et al 1982). Although estrone is weakly estrogenic, it exhibits a lower binding affinity for ERs than estradiol, and it diffuses out of the cell more rapidly than estradiol.…”

Section: Review | Uterine Leiomyomamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Etiology and pathogenesis of uterine leiomyomas: a review.

Flake

Andersen

Dixon

2003

Environ Health Perspect

494

392

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Uterine leiomyomas, or fibroids, represent a major public health problem. It is believed that these tumors develop in the majority of American women and become symptomatic in one-third of these women. They are the most frequent indication for hysterectomy in the United States. Although the initiator or initiators of fibroids are unknown, several predisposing factors have been identified, including age (late reproductive years), African-American ethnicity, nulliparity, and obesity. Nonrandom cytogenetic abnormalities have been found in about 40% of tumors examined. Estrogen and progesterone are recognized as promoters of tumor growth, and the potential role of environmental estrogens has only recently been explored. Growth factors with mitogenic activity, such as transforming growth factor-β 3, basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor-I, are elevated in fibroids and may be the effectors of estrogen and progesterone promotion. These data offer clues to the etiology and pathogenesis of this common condition, which we have analyzed and summarized in this review.

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Section: Laboratory Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Review | Uterine Leiomyomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology and pathogenesis of uterine leiomyomas: a review.

Flake

Andersen

Dixon

2003

Environ Health Perspect

494

392

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“…Leiomyomata per se express aromatase at strikingly higher levels than the surrounding myometrium and can synthesize estrogen (Folkerd et al, 1984;Yamamoto et al, 1985;Bulun et al, 1994b;Sumitani et al, 2000). In fact, the tissue concentrations of estrogen are elevated in leiomyoma nodules compared with levels in surrounding myometrium (Otubu et al, 1982;Pasqualini et al, 1990). Moreover, it was shown in vitro that estrogen synthesized in leiomyoma smooth muscle cells in culture is sufficient to promote proliferation in an intracrine fashion, since the stimulation of aromatase activity increased cellular proliferation, whereas the addition of an aromatase inhibitor inhibited proliferation (Sumitani et al, 2000).…”

Section: Aromatase and Uterine Fibroids (Leiomyomata)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Aromatase Expression in Estrogen-Responsive Breast and Uterine Disease: From Bench to Treatment

Bulun¹,

Lin²,

İmir³

et al. 2005

Pharmacol Rev

468

462

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“…Thus both estrogen and progesterone play an important role in tumor growth and maintenance [2,3,5,6] and it is intuitive to assume that therapeutic hormonal manipulation affecting estrogen and progesterone may be effective in medical management of fibroids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the SERM Ormeloxifene in the Treatment of Uterine Fibroid in the Reproductive Age Group

2016

J Syndr

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Background: The search for the ideal drug for medical treatment of fibroids is on. SERMs appear to be novel agents for hormonal manipulations. Ormeloxifene with biweekly dosing and minimum side effects needs evaluation for the above. Method:The study was a prospective clinical observation undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of ormeloxifene in uterine fibroid in reproductive age group. Forty four (44) women aged 20-50 year age group who attended the outpatient gynaecology department, diagnosed with fibroid uterus; symptomatic or asymptomatic were recruited for the study. Ormeloxifene 60 mg was given orally twice a week for 6 months. Follow up was done at monthly interval and at the end of 6 months clinically and by USG. The primary outcome measures were fibroid size, uterine size and delta size. Secondary outcomes were measurement of menstrual blood loss using the PBAC score, hemoglobin concentration and endometrial thickness. Results:No significant changes were observed in the leiomyoma, uterine and delta size. 90.9% fibroids remained unchanged at the end of 6 months. The difference in mean hemoglobin concentration, PBAC scores and endometrial thickness were statistically significant (p<0.001). Hysterectomy was required in 5(11.36%) cases. Conclusion:Ormeloxifene does not reduce fibroid size but prevents further growth of the tumour and significantly reduces menstrual blood loss in standard doses with minimum side effects for a short period of time.

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Unconjugated steroids in leiomyomas and tumor-bearing myometrium

Cited by 57 publications

References 9 publications

Etiology and pathogenesis of uterine leiomyomas: a review.

Etiology and pathogenesis of uterine leiomyomas: a review.

Regulation of Aromatase Expression in Estrogen-Responsive Breast and Uterine Disease: From Bench to Treatment

Evaluation of the SERM Ormeloxifene in the Treatment of Uterine Fibroid in the Reproductive Age Group

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