Uncertainty Analysis for Low-Cost Transformer-Type Inductive Conductivity Sensors

Kandur, Yiğithan; Harms, Julius; Kern, Thorsten A.

doi:10.3390/i3s2021dresden-10145

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Other inductive sensors can be used to monitor water conductivity. Kandur et al [24] show a transformer-type inductive conductivity sensor as a low-cost sensor to measure the conductivity in different temperatures. They used two coils with a core of Mn-Zn encapsulated in resin.…”

Section: Conductivity Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of wireless sensor network system based on water level, rain, conductivity, oil and turbidity sensors to monitor the storm sewerage

Rocher

Rego²,

Lloret

et al. 2022

IET Wireless Sensor Systems

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Storm sewerages are crucial infrastructures in water management. In this paper, a system was developed to detect the blockage of the sewerage and the presence of illegal spills in Storm sewerages. Different nodes with sensors measuring the water level, turbidity, conductivity, and oil presence are scattered in the sewerage. These nodes are connected to a master node for processing the information with a rain sensor. The rain and water level sensors are used to determine one of the four possibilities regarding the presence of water in the sewerage and whether it is raining. According to the combinations, it can be determined whether it is a normal situation or there are spills or blockages. It is shown that there are differences between sewerage with and without blockage via the water level. This can be used to determine the presence of a blockage. The identification of an illegal spill is performed with the use of conductivity, turbidity, and oil sensors. The authors determined that yellow and infrared light can determine the oil concentration in the oil sensor in a range of 0–2.2 mL oil/L water with yellow light and 0.4–20 mL oil/L water with infrared light. Finally, the conductivity sensor can determine water conductivity from 0.526 to 58.4 mS/cm.

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Section: Conductivity Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of wireless sensor network system based on water level, rain, conductivity, oil and turbidity sensors to monitor the storm sewerage

Rocher

Rego²,

Lloret

et al. 2022

IET Wireless Sensor Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other inductive sensors can be used to monitor water conductivity. Kandur, Harms and Kern (2021) show a transformer type inductive conductivity sensor as a lowcost sensor to measure the conductivity in different temperatures. They used two coils with a core of Mn-Zn encapsulated in resin.…”

Section: Related Work On Conductivity Metersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study and Design of a Sensor System for the Detection of Illicit Discharges in Sewers and Water Bodies

Morant¹

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The use of water in our society is of great importance. This is used not only for human consumption but also for industrial and livestock activities. Once the water has been used and is no longer helpful for the activity, it becomes a waste called residual water. These waters contain substances that endanger human health and ecosystems. To reduce environmental damage, there are treatment plants that treat these waters to reduce their levels of contamination. We can find two types of sewage treatment plants, those that purify water from urban centres and industrial sewage treatment plants. Industrial treatment plants are responsible for reducing the contaminant load of the water so that it can be discharged into the public sewer system or into the environment.The presence of illegal discharges and overflows in the sewage system pose a threat to water bodies. Illegal discharges occur when a company or person discharges a volume of water into the sewer without authorization. These discharges can cause a drop in the performance of the treatment plant, which will cause an effluent of poorer quality. On the other hand, overflows are generated when the sewer cannot carry all the water that enters and it is necessary to use the sewer overflows. Overflows can cause pollution of water bodies. In many cases, it is not possible to detect who is responsible for the spills. What makes these go unpunished violating the environmental principle of that whoever pollutes pays.To solve this problem, the development of a low-cost system for monitoring water parameters to detect problems in sewers within the context of smart cities is proposed. Our working hypothesis is that in the presence of a discharge, the concentration of specific water parameters will change enough to be detected. When the site of the spill is detected, it will be possible to quickly go to the place in order to stop the spill in addition to taking the necessary legal actions against the person who is carrying out the spill.For our system, we have compiled information on the different parameters that are incorporated into other systems to monitor sewage, such as water level, temperature, conductivity, turbidity and other water contaminants such as organic matter, nutrients, pH and heavy metals. With this information, we have determined that the most exciting parameters that we are able to measure at a low cost are temperature, conductivity, turbidity, water and oil level. In addition, the use of rain sensors for storm sewers is included.To monitor these parameters, low-cost commercial sensors are chosen to monitor temperature, level and rainfall. For the other parameters, the low cost commercial options that currently exist are not helpful. That is why we decided to develop our own sensors. We decided to use inductive type sensors for conductivity and optical sensors for turbidity and oil control.Regarding the inductive sensors, we have determined that there are interferences of the solids and the water level in the response of the sensor. We have verified that t...

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Uncertainty Analysis for Low-Cost Transformer-Type Inductive Conductivity Sensors

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Use of wireless sensor network system based on water level, rain, conductivity, oil and turbidity sensors to monitor the storm sewerage

Use of wireless sensor network system based on water level, rain, conductivity, oil and turbidity sensors to monitor the storm sewerage

Study and Design of a Sensor System for the Detection of Illicit Discharges in Sewers and Water Bodies

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