Unbundling household preferences for improved sanitation: A choice experiment from an urban settlement in Nicaragua

Vásquez, William F.; Alicea-Planas, Jessica

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.085

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…While several recent studies have provided critical financial perspectives for urban sanitation, they have focused on discrete aspects of the issue. These include: studies of willingness to pay (for example, Vásquez and Alicea-Planas, 2018;Acey et al, 2019;Tidwell et al, 2019); the business case and cost recovery for fecal sludge management (e.g., Andersson et al, 2017;Blackett and Hawkins, 2017;Otoo and Drechsel, 2018); and analysis of the pro-poor reach of infrastructure investments (Hutchings et al, 2018). Analyses comparing sewer and onsite technologies exist (Dodane et al, 2012;McConville et al, 2019) but can be limited by inconsistent analytical boundaries due to the exclusion of costs borne by households (for example Stantec, 2019).…”

Section: Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs, Climate and Contamination: Three Drivers for Citywide Sanitation Investment Decisions

Mills

Willetts

Evans

et al. 2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Significant progress is needed, in both large cities and small towns, to meet the ambitious targets set at international and national levels relating to universal access to safely managed sanitation. There has been increased recognition in the urban sanitation sector that in rapidly growing cities, there is unlikely to be a single centralized sanitation solution which can effectively deliver services to all demographics, and that heterogeneous approaches to urban sanitation are required. At the same time, due to competing investment priorities, there is a greater focus on the need for sanitation investments to address multiple objectives. However, calls for more informed sanitation planning and a more dynamic and disaggregated approach to the delivery and management of sanitation services have had limited impacts. This is in part due to the complexity of the drivers for sanitation investment, and the difficulties involved in identifying and addressing these multiple, often conflicting, goals. This paper examines three potential drivers of citywide sanitation decision-making-public health, sustainability and economic performance-via the three proxies of contamination, climate change and costs. It examines the importance of each driver and proxies, how they are considered in investment decisions, the current state of knowledge about them, and priority aspects to be included in decisions. At present, while public health is a common driver for improving sanitation, there are significant gaps in our understanding of fecal contamination spread and exposure, and how to select sanitation solutions which can best address them. Climate change is sometimes seen as a low priority for the sanitation sector given the immediacy and scale of existing challenges and the uncertainty of future climate predictions. However, potential risks are significant, and uninformed decisions may result in greater costs and increased inequalities. Cost data are sparse and unreliable, and it is challenging to build robust cost-effectiveness analyses. Yet these are needed to compare citywide options based on least-cost over their full life cycle. This paper provides insights into how existing evidence on contamination, climate change and costs can inform decisions on sanitation investments and help chart a sustainable way forward for achieving citywide services.

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Section: Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs, Climate and Contamination: Three Drivers for Citywide Sanitation Investment Decisions

Mills

Willetts

Evans

et al. 2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Education in relevant subjects has been considered a factor that affects respondents' attitudes ( 62 ). The results of our study indicated that respondents who learned about sanitation policies had a higher level of WTP and WTPP than rural residents who did not in Shaanxi ( Table 6 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Willingness to Pay for and Participate in Sanitation Infrastructure Improvement in Western China's Rural Areas

Zhang

2022

Front. Public Health

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The suitability and feasibility of public-private partnership (PPP) patterns in a rural context have not been well-documented and understood. To address this research gap and practical plight, this study aims to analyze the rural resident's willingness to pay for and participate in the improvement of rural sanitation facilities, and further explore the drivers and barriers affecting their decisions. This study was performed in rural areas of three western provinces, including Shaanxi, Ningxia, and Inner Mongolia, of western China's rural areas by conducting a survey on 1,248 rural residents. In Inner Mongolia, the proportion of respondents who were willing to pay was highest, while the proportion of respondents who may provide labor was lowest among the three provinces. Respondents from Ningxia had the least willing to pay, and respondents from Shaanxi had the highest willingness to participate. Overall, respondents' rural (living) duration time, personal interest in local government notice, and the latest time when the sanitation facilities were improved could significantly affect their willingness. In Inner Mongolia, occupation and water availability could significantly influence respondents' willingness, and both gender and health conditions had significant impacts. In Ningxia, respondents' personal interest in local government notice had a notable impact on willingness, and low-income respondents showed a more notable willingness to pay and participate. In Shaanxi, occupation and water availability could significantly influence respondents' willingness. Respondents' personal interest in local government notice had a notable impact on their willingness. This study is of significant importance to understand rural resident's participation in sanitation infrastructure improvement to support relevant PPP projects, and is important to solve poverty-caused dilemmas.

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“…Their current sanitation system keeps nutrients out of the agroecological cycle, which may contribute to significant environmental impacts [13]. The system also provides a breeding ground for harmful fauna such as mosquitoes, diffusion of bad odor, and groundwater contamination, which are health risk factors for the possible transmission of contagious and serious illnesses such as malaria, Zika, chikungunya, and dengue [52,53]. When a sanitation system has an impact on health (sanitary risks, transmission of diseases, and malnutrition), environment (water pollution and groundwater over-extraction), well-being (safety, dignity, and gender equality), and the economy (cost of health and environmental degradation) of communities, it consequently affects the capacity of an area for sustainable development [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Approach Incorporating User Preferences in the Design of Sanitation Systems and Its Application in the Rural Communities of Chiapas, Mexico

et al. 2020

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Globally, the numerous efforts exerted toward providing basic sanitation services to people have not been sufficient to achieve universal coverage. In developing countries worldwide, many policies, strategies, initiatives, and projects on basic sanitation have failed, despite important investments. Of the several reasons explaining the failure, it is remarkable to note that such approaches have focused mainly on improving the technology of the sanitation system without considering the human aspects, such as user preferences. Moreover, there is currently no comprehensive approach that ensures the provision of a sanitation service that users want or need to satisfy their needs. In this regard, this study proposed an approach to identify the variables and indicators that represent user preferences in the selection and creation of more holistic sanitation strategies, technologies, systems, and services. The proposed approach was applied in rural communities of Chiapas, the poorest state of Mexico, and was effective in identifying user preferences, which suggests that it could be an intrinsic part of the design, planning, and implementation process toward leading rural communities to achieve sustainable development goals on universal basic sanitation. The evaluation results also demonstrated that among the preferences linked to the technical features, esthetics, costs of the system, and socioeconomic-related aspects were the most important to be considered in the provision of basic sanitation. The study points out the necessity of understanding how culture, preferences, practices, and socioeconomic conditions directly affect the possibilities for users to gain access to basic sustainable sanitation services.

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Unbundling household preferences for improved sanitation: A choice experiment from an urban settlement in Nicaragua

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Costs, Climate and Contamination: Three Drivers for Citywide Sanitation Investment Decisions

Costs, Climate and Contamination: Three Drivers for Citywide Sanitation Investment Decisions

Public Willingness to Pay for and Participate in Sanitation Infrastructure Improvement in Western China's Rural Areas

An Approach Incorporating User Preferences in the Design of Sanitation Systems and Its Application in the Rural Communities of Chiapas, Mexico

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