Hydrogen
peroxide (H2O2) is a valuable chemical
that has been used in a wide range of applications. Currently, H2O2 production relies predominantly on the anthraquinone
process, which is energy-intensive and non-ecofriendly. The photoelectrochemical
two-electron O2 reduction reaction (2e– ORR) and 2e– water oxidation reaction (2e– WOR) have recently emerged as promising alternatives
to produce H2O2 in a bias-free, cost-effective,
and environmentally benign manner. In this Perspective, we overview
photoelectrochemical routes to H2O2 production
and its in situ application for valuable chemical
synthesis. We discuss the design principles needed for achieving a
bias-free photoelectrochemical H2O2 synthesis
and introduce the concept of single and dual constructions, with notable
examples of each one. We benchmark the solar-to-chemical conversion
efficiencies of photoelectrochemical H2O2 synthesis
cells. Further, we present the application of photoelectrochemically
produced H2O2 for in situ green
chemical synthesis. Finally, we provide future perspectives on this
emerging field, discussing its main limitations and targets for further
development, including high performance, stability of produced H2O2, and practical viability.