Unarmoured dinoflagellates from Australian waters I. The genus Gymnodinium (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae)

Larsen, J. B.

doi:10.2216/i0031-8884-33-1-24.1

Cited by 29 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…The species, Gymnodinium pulchellum J. Larsen (1994) displayed a sigmoid apical groove on the ventral side (Fig. 1c), extending on to the dorsal side (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple and rapid scanning electron microscope preparative technique for delicate “gymnodinioid” dinoflagellates

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Waldron

et al. 2002

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Light microscopy (LM) is routinely used to investigate delicate (unarmoured and lightly armoured) "gymnodinioid" dinoflagellate species but at this level of resolution, morphological features such as apical grooves, apical pores, thin thecal plates, and scales are often difficult to observe, thereby necessitating the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Good results were obtained when harvested cells were fixed with osmium tetroxide (OsO(4)) as the primary fixative, adhered with poly-L-lysine to round glass coverslips, dehydrated in an ethanol series, and dried with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS). Poly-L-lysine has in the past effectively been used to adhere biological material such as human red blood cells, mouse leukemic cells, and marine dinoflagellates to glass coverslips. HMDS has been used to substitute critical point drying (CPD) to dry soft insect tissues, rat hepatic endothelial cells, and the cilia of rat trachea. By combining and fine-tuning these two protocols in SEM studies of delicate "gymnodinioid" dinoflagellates, it is possible to overcome cell distortion such as shrinking and collapsing that result from centrifuging, filtering, and CPD. The combination of poly-L-lysine and HMDS not only produces good results but also requires limited expertise and equipment, is inexpensive, and is less time-consuming.

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“…The species, Gymnodinium pulchellum J. Larsen (1994) displayed a sigmoid apical groove on the ventral side (Fig. 1c), extending on to the dorsal side (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple and rapid scanning electron microscope preparative technique for delicate “gymnodinioid” dinoflagellates

Botes

Price

Waldron

et al. 2002

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…zeta Larsen (Kofoid & Swezy 1921;Hulburt 1957;Norris 1961;Larsen 1994Larsen , 1996. These five species bear some resembling characters to B. brevisulcata, i.e.…”

Section: Morphology Of Biecheleriopsis Adriaticamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…estuariale, and Gyr. zeta have a sulcal extension, which was never found in B. brevisulcata (Hulburt 1957;Larsen 1994Larsen , 1996. According to Kofoid & Swezy (1921), G. hamulus is a sand-dwelling, blue-greencolored species with a nucleus located posteriorly to central.…”

Section: Morphology Of Biecheleriopsis Adriaticamentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of two marine woloszynskioid dinoflagellates, Biecheleria brevisulcata sp. nov. and Biecheleriopsis adriatica (Suessiaceae, Dinophyceae), from Japanese coasts

2014

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“…It was initially described as Gymnodinium pulchella (Larsen, 1994), but recently renamed as T. pulchella based on the sigmoid shape of the apical groove and distinct cytological features typical of Takayama, the newly erected genus (Salas et al, 2003). T. pulchella formed HABs in America and Australia in recent years, causing large numbers of fish kills (Larsen, 1994;Steidinger et al, 1998). A Gymnodinium-like algal bloom occurred in Xiamen Bay in 1986 with a density exceeding 10 7 cells/L (Zhang et al, 1988), and in 2003 with a density up to 10 7 cells/L.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a PNA probe for the detection of the toxic dinoflagellate Takayama pulchella

et al. 2008

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Unarmoured dinoflagellates from Australian waters I. The genus Gymnodinium (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae)

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

A simple and rapid scanning electron microscope preparative technique for delicate “gymnodinioid” dinoflagellates

A simple and rapid scanning electron microscope preparative technique for delicate “gymnodinioid” dinoflagellates

Morphology of two marine woloszynskioid dinoflagellates, Biecheleria brevisulcata sp. nov. and Biecheleriopsis adriatica (Suessiaceae, Dinophyceae), from Japanese coasts

Development of a PNA probe for the detection of the toxic dinoflagellate Takayama pulchella

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