Una Actualización De La Lógica Interna De La Competición Del Combate en El Taekwondo

Abstract

O objetivo do manuscrito é abordar a lógica interna do taekwondo competição regulamentada pela Federação Mundial do Taekwondo para explicar a ação motora na competição. Uma revisão narrativa foi realizada com base nos parâmetros estruturais e funcionais do taekwondo nos bancos de dados do Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Ebsco, PubMed, ProQuest e Dialnet, sem limitar o ano de publicação nem o idioma utilizado. Os autores se referem aos diversos elementos que compõem a lógica interna mencionada, como regulação, espaço, tempo, comunicação motora, papéis e subfunções, além dos modelos de técnica ou execução, explicando suas particularidades. Isso poderia nos ajudar a aprofundar as características desse esporte, definir a ação de combate e contextualizar a situação real da competição, adaptando as sequências táticas do taekwondo. O conhecimento das particularidades desse esporte permite criar uma estrutura necessária para continuar o trabalho da pesquisa no taekwondo olímpico.

Analysis of Different Key Behavioral Patterns to Score in Elite Taekwondoists According to the Weight Category and Gender

“…Despite their extensive use in competition and their proven effectiveness, it should be noted that sometimes the opponent has not enough space or skills to perform defensive actions to defend themselves from the opponent's action. For one-point score, it should be noted the tactical repertoire mastered (Menescardi et al, 2020d) by FTW female athletes as they did not only score with attacks but also with counterattacks (anticipatory and simultaneous). Additionally, LW females used posterior counterattacks (to an indirect action) to score one point.…”

“…In the field of sports performance analysis, technological advances have opened opportunities to study behavioral patterns in a new way, and thereby inform how to improve and train the performance of athletes in competition (e.g., tactics, space, time, etc.) (Menescardi et al, 2020d). In combat sports, such as taekwondo, the tactic used is vital to overcome the opponent and obtain the victory of the bout, being broadly studied in different populations such as cadet (Casolino et al, 2012;Menescardi et al, 2020a), college (Falco et al, 2014;Menescardi et al, 2015) and Olympic athletes (Menescardi et al, 2019a(Menescardi et al, ,b, 2021.…”

“…Other relevant actions in any tactical sequence (Menescardi et al, 2020d) are defensive ones (e.g., cuts, dodges, blocks), which are used to neutralize the opponent's attacks and counterattacks. Defensive actions could suppose a mean of 64.7 (SD = 21.4) actions per bout as observed in World Cups and Championship competitions (González-Prado et al, 2015).…”

An Updated Technical–Tactical Categorisation in Taekwondo: From General Tactical Objectives to Combat Situations

“…In its functional structure, taekwondo, according to a motor-praxeological classification [4], is a regularised, standardised, and institutionalised sport, without teammates, with an opponent, and without uncertainty in the environment (TOU). During the contest, the subject faces a single opponent (during the competition, there may be successive confrontations with different opponents) who may know the subject's strategies, though usually with incomplete information, which both contestants will try to use to frustrate their opponent's strategies [5]. Thus, in the context of the contest, constant motor counter communication occurs with the opponent-the only source of uncertainty-making the environment highly changeable [5].…”

“…During the contest, the subject faces a single opponent (during the competition, there may be successive confrontations with different opponents) who may know the subject's strategies, though usually with incomplete information, which both contestants will try to use to frustrate their opponent's strategies [5]. Thus, in the context of the contest, constant motor counter communication occurs with the opponent-the only source of uncertainty-making the environment highly changeable [5]. These continuous changes define the motor skills involved in the contest as open, perceptual, or externally regulated.…”