“…This instability is notably the result of their facile reduction, notably for titanocenes. To improve their stability, an effective strategy consists in introducing heteroatoms such as oxygen, selenium or sulfur [168][169][170][171][172][173][174]. On this basis, a series of Zr and Ti-based metallocenes bearing ferrocene substitutes were examined for the spectroelectrochemical properties [175].…”
Ferrocene is an exceptional building block for the development of dyes with reversible redox properties. Dyes absorbing int the near infrared and infrared region are actively researched due to their potential applications ranging from telecommunication to defence systems. In this review, an overview of the different NIR and infrared dyes reported to date is presented. Parallel to the photophysical characteristics, the synthetic pathways giving access to these structures is presented.
“…This instability is notably the result of their facile reduction, notably for titanocenes. To improve their stability, an effective strategy consists in introducing heteroatoms such as oxygen, selenium or sulfur [168][169][170][171][172][173][174]. On this basis, a series of Zr and Ti-based metallocenes bearing ferrocene substitutes were examined for the spectroelectrochemical properties [175].…”
Ferrocene is an exceptional building block for the development of dyes with reversible redox properties. Dyes absorbing int the near infrared and infrared region are actively researched due to their potential applications ranging from telecommunication to defence systems. In this review, an overview of the different NIR and infrared dyes reported to date is presented. Parallel to the photophysical characteristics, the synthetic pathways giving access to these structures is presented.
“…In contrast, less is known about ferrocenyl(alkyl)oxy, ferrocenylsulfanyl‐ and ferrocenylselanyl‐substituted metallocenes . For example, electrochemical studies on fc(µ 2 ‐ S 2 )(µ 2 ‐ S)[Ti] (fc = Fe(η 5 ‐ C 5 H 4 ) 2 , [Ti] = Ti(η 5 ‐ C 5 H 5 ) 2 ) were carried out displaying decomposition of this complex after initial ferrocene/ferrocenium oxidation resulting in a new unidentified species with a reversible process in the range for ferrocenyl groups …”
Metallocenes [Ti](Cl)(OFc) (4) and [M](EFc) 2 {[M] = M(η 5 -C 5 H 5 ) 2 ; M = Ti: 5a, E = O; 5b, E = S; 5c, E = Se. M = Zr: 6, E = O; Fc = Fe(η 5 -C 5 H 4 )(η 5 -C 5 H 5 )} were prepared by the treatment of [M]Cl 2 (1, M = Ti; 2, M = Zr) with FcOLi (3), or by the reaction of FcELi (8a, E = S; 8b, E = Se) with 1. The solid-state structures of the metallocenes 4, 5a,b, and 6 are reported. The electrochemical (4, 5a,b,c) and spectroelectrochemical (in situ UV/Vis/NIR) [5a, Fc 2 E 2 for comparison; E = S (9), Se (10)] behavior is discussed. All Ti compounds show irreversible Ti IV /Ti III reduction processes at E pc = -1520 to -2100 mV. Reversible Fc [a]
“…Ferrocenylselenolate complexes can be prepared by the metathesis reaction of an alkali metal-selenolate salt [8][9][10][11][12][13], via chalcogenolysis cleavage of a Se-H bond [14,15] or by oxidative addition of diferrocenyldiselenide [16][17][18][19], as well as by reactions between trimethylsilyl(ferrocenyl)selenides and metals with a suitable leaving group such as a halide or an acetate ligand [20][21][22].…”
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