(Un)exceptional Violence(s) in Latin America

Abstract

O ver the last decade, the proliferation of multifaceted forms of violence in Latin America has become an increasingly pressing issue for many scholars of the region (Rotker 2002; McIlwaine and Moser 2004; Rodgers 2006; Auyero 2007; Wilding 2010). Motivated by the seemingly paradoxical rise in violent crime following the region's democratic transition, some scholars have looked to political institutions to explain the failure of the rule of law (Brinks 2008), while others have interrogated the role of global capitalism and structural inequalities (gender, race, class) in the continuum of violence(s), both "public" and "private," in Latin America (Scheper-Hughes and Bourgois 2004; Wacquant 2008). 1 Other scholarship has focused on the diverse ways that men and women cope with, respond to, or make meaning out of traumatic experiences and memories of violence (Goldstein 2003). Although Latin American countries are often referred to as post

Kolombi̇ya Bağlaminda Çatişma Dönemi̇ Ekonomi̇leri̇ni̇n Çatişmanin Şi̇ddetlenmesi̇, Terörle Mücadele Ve Bariş Süreci̇ne Etki̇leri̇ni̇n İncelenmesi̇

“…Literatürün odaklandığı üçüncü alan ise çatışma sonrasında çatışma dönemi ekonomisinin şiddetin evrilmesine etkisini inceleyen çalışmalardan oluşmaktadır (Kurtenbach ve Rettberg, 2018: 4). Genel anlamda çatışma döneminde insan kaçırma, zorunlu göç, katliam gibi eylemler içeren şiddet, çatışmanın sona ermesiyle adi suçlar, çete faaliyetleri gibi şiddet türlerine evrilmektedir (Neumann, 2013). Çatışma sonrası çeşitli bölgelerde oluşan güç boşluğu, buralarda devletin hâlen tam organize olamamış olması ve silah bırakmış birçok eski savaşçının varlığı çatışma sonrasında bu tür eylemlerin artmasında rol oynayan temel faktörler olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.…”

The Post‐2015 Global Development Agenda: A Latin American Perspective

“…The figures are beyond belief: 11 out of 18 Latin American countries have homicide rates higher than 10 per 100 000 inhabitants (considered ‘epidemic level’ by WHO); it is the only region in the world where lethal violence increased in the last 10 years; between 2000 and 2010, the murder rate in the region grew by 11 per cent; more than one million people have died in the region in the last decade as a result of criminal violence and robberies that have tripled in the last 25 years (UNDP, ). The puzzling characteristic of this widespread violence is that violence increased amidst economic growth and democratisation in Latin America (Neumann, ). This ‘paradox’ engages Latin American policy makers in a longstanding (false) dichotomy between fighting crime versus protecting people's human rights.…”