Umweltauswirkungen künstlich hergestellter Nanomaterialien

Greßler, Sabine; Nentwich, Michael

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-1405-6_2

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In vivo, artefacts can be formed during dosing, especially at high concentrations . This is due to nanomaterials forming large aggregates in exposure to water and the influence of pH and ionic strength of the solutions .…”

Section: Ecotoxicity/toxicity Studies On Multicellular Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Mechanisms, Characterization, and Avoiding Experimental Artefacts

Djurišić

Leung

et al. 2014

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340

176

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Metal oxide nanomaterials are widely used in practical applications and represent a class of nanomaterials with the highest global annual production. Many of those, such as TiO2 and ZnO, are generally considered non-toxic due to the lack of toxicity of the bulk material. However, these materials typically exhibit toxicity to bacteria and fungi, and there have been emerging concerns about their ecotoxicity effects. The understanding of the toxicity mechanisms is incomplete, with different studies often reporting contradictory results. The relationship between the material properties and toxicity appears to be complex and diifficult to understand, which is partly due to incomplete characterization of the nanomaterial, and possibly due to experimental artefacts in the characterization of the nanomaterial and/or its interactions with living organisms. This review discusses the comprehensive characterization of metal oxide nanomaterials and the mechanisms of their toxicity.

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Section: Ecotoxicity/toxicity Studies On Multicellular Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Mechanisms, Characterization, and Avoiding Experimental Artefacts

Djurišić

Leung

et al. 2014

Small

340

176

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“…Engineered nanomaterials (ENM) offer potential benefits across several industries and commercial products due to their unique physicochemical properties. 1,2 Benefits extend beyond the technical performance of these materials and into their environmental performance, based on claims of reducing material consumption, energy use, and waste production across the entire life-cycle. 2−4 Thus, it is important that manufacturing routes are evaluated based on their potential to reinforce these objectives.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical Fluid Flow Synthesis to Support Sustainable Production of Engineered Nanomaterials: Case Study of Titanium Dioxide

Tsang¹,

Philippot

Aymonier

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Supercritical fluid flow synthesis exploits unique properties of solvents in order to achieve reactions that proceed quickly to produce high-quality nanocrystals. Supercritical fluids are often referred to “green” solvents because they can proceed at moderate temperatures. Therefore, this study sought to compare the supercritical fluid flow synthesis of TiO2 to that of a conventional precipitation method from an environmental and human health perspective. A life-cycle assessment was conducted to determine the impacts of producing 1 kg of dry TiO2 nanoparticles using either the supercritical or precipitation route. While the results suggest that supercritical fluid flow synthesis may indeed be a preferable synthesis route compared with a conventional route such as precipitation, the inherent uncertainty underlying this emerging technology indicates that there are a number of trade-offs in switching from one technology to another. Supercritical fluid flow synthesis was likely a better technology option from a cumulative energy demand and climate change perspective; however, there was less evidence for this from a human health and ecotoxicological perspective, for example. In particular, occupational exposure to emissions of TiO2 nanoparticles could be an issue for this emerging industry if the proper protective controls are not put in place.

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“…Engineered nanomaterials (ENM) provide benefits across many sectors, 1 but they also raise concerns regarding poten-tial environmental and human health hazards. [2][3][4] While nanotechnologies can be evaluated with life cycle assessment (LCA) to determine their potential resource efficiencies and environmental and human health impacts, LCA does not evaluate the direct environmental and human health hazards posed by ENM emissions across their life cycles. 5,6 While it is possible to build life cycle inventories (LCI) that estimate and quantify ENM emissions, [7][8][9][10] currently available life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methodologies do not cover nanospecific characterization factors (CF) that are necessary for quantifying the fate of, exposure to, and impacts from those emissions in an LCA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling human health characterization factors for indoor nanomaterial emissions in life cycle assessment: a case-study of titanium dioxide

Tsang

Garner

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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Umweltauswirkungen künstlich hergestellter Nanomaterialien

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Toxicity of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Mechanisms, Characterization, and Avoiding Experimental Artefacts

Toxicity of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Mechanisms, Characterization, and Avoiding Experimental Artefacts

Supercritical Fluid Flow Synthesis to Support Sustainable Production of Engineered Nanomaterials: Case Study of Titanium Dioxide

Modeling human health characterization factors for indoor nanomaterial emissions in life cycle assessment: a case-study of titanium dioxide

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