Ultraviolet-to-microwave room-temperature photodetectors based on three-dimensional graphene foams

Abstract

Highly sensitive broadband photodetection is of critical importance for many applications. However, it is a great challenge to realize broadband photodetection by using a single device. Here we report photodetectors (PDs) based on three-dimensional (3D) graphene foam (GF) photodiodes with asymmetric electrodes, which show an ultra-broadband photoresponse from ultraviolet to microwave for wavelengths ranging from 10 2 to 10 6 nm . Moreover, the devices exhibit a high photoresponsivity of 10 3 A · W − 1 , short response time of 43 ms, and 3 dB bandwidth of 80 Hz. The high performance of the devices can be attributed to the photothermoelectric (PTE, also known as the Seebeck) effect in 3D GF photodiodes. The excellent optical, thermal, and electrical properties of 3D GFs offer a superior basis for the fabrication of PTE-based PDs. This work paves the way to realize ultra-broadband and high-sensitivity PDs operated at room temperature.

A fast response, self-powered and room temperature near infrared-terahertz photodetector based on a MAPbI3/PEDOT:PSS composite

“…In addition, the R and NEP curves present a linear relationship with the power, which is consistent with the previous reported results. 3 Fig. 3c shows the optical switched on/off photocurrents of the device under 2.52 THz irradiation with varying power intensities at 0 V bias voltage.…”

“…Broadband photodetectors (PDs) that offer operation over the range from the near infrared (NIR) to terahertz (THz) region in a single device with simple structures are promising for applications including imaging, remote sensing, communications and spectroscopy. [1][2][3] In particular, with the continuing development of THz technology, self-powered, fast response and room temperature THz PDs are urgently required for space network communication and biomedical imaging. [4][5][6] However, the current commercial detectors can hardly meet these requirements; for example, the detection range of Ge photodiodes is limited to 400-2000 nm, the Bolometer must work at low temperature (1.5-4.2 K), Golay cells always show a slow response time of about 100 ms and Schottky diodes can only detect frequency below 0.33 GHz.…”

“…10,[13][14][15] Typically, graphene-based PTE PDs have been studied widely, including single-bilayer interface junction formation, antenna array structure construction, and the preparation of reduced graphene oxide. 12,16,17 In our recent work, we have reported the PTE photoresponses of three-dimensional graphene foam (3D GF) 3 and reduced graphene oxide/CsPbrBr 3 . 18 However, limited by their complex structure and slow response time, graphene-based PTE PDs are still hardly used.…”

“…Additionally, in view of the fact that previously reported PTE devices with millimetric channels have presented slow response times (41 ms), fast response PTE PDs are urgently required. 3,12,13 Therefore, it is desirable to explore novel thermal materials for PTE PDs.…”

Conjuncted photo-thermoelectric effect in ZnO–graphene nanocomposite foam for self-powered simultaneous temperature and light sensing

“…Some studies have investigated a graphene-based pyroelectric bolometer for detecting the warm bodies in their proximity 38 , and a pyroelectric infrared (IR) sensor with graphene electrodes can improve the operating frequency instead of conventional electrode 39 . Recently, some researchers have reported that graphene-based terahertz photodetectors, whose performance can be dramatically improved by photo-thermoelectric effect (PTE) 41,42 . However, there are few studies on multifunctional self-powered photodetector which can detect and distinguish light energy and heat energy at the same time.…”