Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Used to Fingerprint Five Wild-Grown Edible Mushrooms (Boletaceae) Collected from Yunnan, China

Abstract

Nowadays, wild-grown edible mushrooms which are natural, nutritious, and healthy get more and more popular by large consumers. In this paper, UV spectra of different Boletaceae mushrooms with the aid of partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were shown to be a practical and rapid method for discrimination purpose. The specimens of Boletus edulis, Boletus ferrugineus, Boletus tomentipes, Leccinum rugosiceps, and Xerocomus sp. were described based on the UV spectra. From the results, all the specimens were characterized by strong absorption at the wavelengths of 274 and 284 nm and showed the shoulder at 296 nm. However, changes could be seen in the peak heights at the same wavelength for different samples. After analyzing by chemometrics, visual discrimination among samples was presented and the relationships among them were also obtained. This study showed that UV spectroscopy combined with chemometrics methods could be used successfully as a simple and effective approach for characterization of these five wild-grown edible mushrooms at species and genus levels. Meanwhile, this rapid and simple methodology could also provide reference for the discrimination of edible mushrooms.

Feature Fusion of ICP-AES, UV-Vis and FT-MIR for Origin Traceability of Boletus edulis Mushrooms in Combination with Chemometrics

“…Li et al [ 52 ] have proven the feasibility of this region for discriminating Wolfiporia extensa (a Chinese traditional mushroom) from different geographical origins. The UV region was also successfully applied to classify different bolete species, showing that 270–300 nm bands make the most important contribution [ 21 ].…”

“…The scan range was set as 200–600 nm and the scan interval was set as 1 nm, respectively. The experimental conditions were based on a developed study by Li et al [ 21 ]. Dry sample powder (0.1 g) was dissolved by 10 mL trichloromethane solution in a test tube for 20 min.…”

Geographic origin identification and rapid determination of four constituents of Gentiana rigescens by FTIR combined with chemometrics

“…To ensure the reliability and repeatability of pharmacological research, to understand the bioactivities of medicines, and to enhance product quality control, the whole profiles of herbal medicines need to be determined . Currently, modern chemical, physical, and biological analysis methods are used as common fingerprinting methods in TCM, such as thin‐layer chromatography (TLC), high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high‐speed counter‐current chromatography (HSCCC), gas chromatography (GC), ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), mass spectroscopy (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), X‐ray diffraction, capillary electrophoresis (CE), and DNA techniques …”

Traceability of Boletaceae mushrooms using data fusion of UV–visible and FTIR combined with chemometrics methods

“…Among these, both UV–visible and FTIR require only a small sample size and also allow for rapid, cost‐effective, simple operated, multicomponent, and simultaneous determination of multiple analytes in complex mixtures with little to no sample preparation. These two techniques have shown great potential for the discrimination of food and are applied for the fast determination of food products in many studies . However, the analysis provided by a single spectroscopic instrument may still have some shortcomings in providing a satisfactory result.…”

“…These two techniques have shown great potential for the discrimination of food and are applied for the fast determination of food products in many studies. 9,10 However, the analysis provided by a single spectroscopic instrument may still have some shortcomings in providing a satisfactory result. For instance, FTIR fails to confirm the major constituents and their content, 11 Raman spectroscopy is unsuitable for analysis of complex compounds with low analyte concentrations, and spectral information was disturb by fluorescence of samples.…”