Ultraviolet radiation research: from the field to the laboratory and back

Aphalo, Pedro J.; Jansen, Marcel A. K.; McLeod, Andy; Urban, Otmar

doi:10.1111/pce.12537

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Solar radiation is the primary source of energy for metabolism in plants and for the regulation of their growth and development. Depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer, a component of global climate change, has prompted studies on the effect of enhanced ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation on growth and yield of agriculture crops 1 , 2 . Although UVB only represents a fraction of the solar spectrum, its high energy has a substantial impact on living organisms 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological effects of short acute UVB treatments in Chenopodium quinoa Willd

Reyes

Scartazza

Castagna

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Increased ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation due to global change can affect plant growth and metabolism. Here, we evaluated the capacity of quinoa to resist under short acute UVB irradiation. Quinoa was daily exposed for 30 or 60 min to 1.69 W m−2 UVB. The results showed that 30 min exposure in 9 d-course did not cause severe alterations on photosynthetic pigments and flavonoids, but a significant increase of antioxidant capacity was observed. Otherwise, 60 min UVB in 5 d-course reduced almost all these parameters except for an increase in the de-epoxidation of xanthophyll cycle pigments and led to the death of the plants. Further studies of gas exchange and fluorescence measurements showed that 30 min UVB dramatically decrease stomatal conductance, probably associated to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport was also observed, which could be a response to reduce ROS. Otherwise, irreversible damage to the photosynthetic apparatus was found with 60 min UVB probably due to severe ROS overproduction that decompensates the redox balance inducing UVB non-specific signaling. Moreover, 60 min UVB compromised Rubisco carboxylase activity and photosynthetic electron transport. Overall, these data suggest that quinoa modulates different response mechanisms depending on the UVB irradiation dosage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological effects of short acute UVB treatments in Chenopodium quinoa Willd

Reyes

Scartazza

Castagna

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…1 Leaf DM, LA, and SLA are based on 5 plant leaves per replication. 2 Leaf dry mass in grams, leaf area in meters squared, specific leaf area in centimeters squared per gram, epicuticular wax in micrograms per centimeter squared. 3 The standard error of the mean was Leaf DM-0.01997; LA-0.000452; SLA-0.9024; Wax-1.1683.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a widely used herb in gastronomy, ornamental plantings, and medicinal practices, which exhibits variability in growth and photosynthesis when subjected to various lighting conditions [1]. In basil production, glazing materials and coverings used in protected culture production systems are used to protect plants from intense light, but these materials have been shown to reduce the nutrition and flavor of crops [2,3]. An important part of basil production, among other crops, is exposing plants to environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation due to its stimulation of compounds such as regulatory enzymes that affect plant nutrition and growth [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and Interactive Temporal Implications of UV-B Radiation and Elevated CO2 on the Morphology of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

et al. 2021

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Temporal and spatial variations in ozone levels and temporal changes in solar radiation greatly influence ultraviolet radiation incidence to crops throughout their growth, yet the interactive effects of CO2 and UV-B radiation on Basil production under sunlight environmental conditions has not been studied. Basil ‘Genovese’ plants grown under sunlit plant growth chambers were subjected to a combination of supplemental UV-B (0 and 10 kJ m−2d−1) and ambient (420 ppm) and elevated (720 ppm) CO2 treatments for 38 days after 14 days of germination. UV-B radiation treatments caused a decrease in basil stem branching, fresh mass, and stem dry mass under both CO2 treatments when harvested after 17 and 38 days of treatment. There was also an increase in basil leaf surface wax under UV-B (10 kJ m−2d−1) treatment compared to controls (0 kJ m−2d−1). Elevated CO2 treatments caused a decrease in morphological features, including specific leaf area and fresh mass. Interactive effects between UV-B and CO2 treatments existed for some morphological features, including plant height, root surface area, and average root diameter. Understanding the impacts that CO2 and UV-B radiation treatments have on basilcan improve existing varieties for increased tolerance while simultaneously improving yield, plant morphology, and physiology.

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“…To profit from the mechanistic understanding obtained in controlled environments in natural and farming environments we need to understand the ecological function of such mechanisms at an equivalent level of detail (Aphalo et al, 2015). Both at the mechanistic and ecological levels we need much more than to understand the structure and connections supporting signalling; we need to understand their function also at a higher level of abstraction based on information, taking into consideration both signalling and environmental cues.…”

Section: Discussion and Implications 81 On How To Bridge The Gap Between Laboratory And Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining preemptive acclimation by linking information to plant phenotype

Aphalo¹,

Sadras²

2021

Preprint

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We review mechanisms for preemptive acclimation in plants and propose a conceptual model linking developmental and evolutionary ecology with the acquisition of information through sensing of cues and signals. The idea is that plants acquire much of the information in the environment not from individual cues and signals but instead from their joint multivariate properties such as correlations. If molecular signalling has evolved to extract such information, the joint multivariate properties of the environment must be encoded in the genome, epigenome and phenome. We contend that multivariate complexity explains why extrapolating from experiments done in artificial contexts into natural or agricultural systems almost never works for characters under complex environmental regulation: biased relationships among the state variables both in time and space create a mismatch between the evolutionary history reflected in the genotype and the artificial growing conditions in which the phenotype is expressed. Our model can generate testable hypotheses bridging levels of organization. In this note we describe the model, its theoretical bases and discuss its implications. We illustrate the hypotheses that can be derived from the model in two cases of preemptive acclimation based on correlations in the environment: the shade avoidance response and acclimation to drought.

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Ultraviolet radiation research: from the field to the laboratory and back

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Physiological effects of short acute UVB treatments in Chenopodium quinoa Willd

Physiological effects of short acute UVB treatments in Chenopodium quinoa Willd

Individual and Interactive Temporal Implications of UV-B Radiation and Elevated CO2 on the Morphology of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

Explaining preemptive acclimation by linking information to plant phenotype

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