Ultraviolet radiation on the surface of Mars and the Beagle 2 UV sensor

Patel, Manish R.; Zarnecki, J. C.; Catling, David C.

doi:10.1016/s0032-0633(02)00067-3

Cited by 118 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The current system uses Gill We have used a variety of commercially produced and custom-built sensors to sample particle loading in dust devils. These include upwards-looking UV sensors developed for use at the martian surface as part of the Beagle 2 mission (Patel et al, 2002;Towner et al, 2004), Piezoelectric saltation impact detectors (Sensit TM and PVDF, polyvinyl difluride film, Towner et al, 2004), total suspended particle load (HiVol™) and suspended particle load in the 0.1 to 10 µm diameter range (particulate matter PM10). PM10 measurements used either active DustTrak TM or passive HAM TM (Handheld Aerosol Monitors) sensors, both of which rely on measuring the angular patterns of light scattered by a cloud of small particles (Mie scattering).…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ measurements of particle load and transport in dust devils

Metzger

Balme

Towner

et al. 2011

Icarus

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Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ measurements of particle load and transport in dust devils

Metzger

Balme

Towner

et al. 2011

Icarus

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“…The VUV spectra emitted by the lamps are extremely sensitive to the pressure and composition of the gas circulating within the lamps. The lower panel shows a comparison between a Martian laboratory simulator (high pressure Xe lamp-lamp 4) (Poch et al 2013) with a simulated UV spectrum reaching the surface of Mars for two extreme scenarios: (1) during northern summer low dust loading (τ = 0.1), at the equator and local noon (taken from Patel et al 2002); (2) during spring (vernal equinox) for a dusty day (τ = 2.0), at 60°N and local noon (taken from Cockell et al 2000). Representability of solar Martian simulator is quite satisfactory for UV radiations a dose similar to 7200 h of exposure to the Sun (i.e.…”

Section: Space Environment Versus Laboratory Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space as a Tool for Astrobiology: Review and Recommendations for Experimentations in Earth Orbit and Beyond

et al. 2017

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The space environment is regularly used for experiments addressing astrobiology research goals. The specific conditions prevailing in Earth orbit and beyond, notably the radiative environment (photons and energetic particles) and the possibility to conduct long-duration measurements, have been the main motivations for developing experimental concepts to expose chemical or biological samples to outer space, or to use the reentry of a spacecraft on Earth to simulate the fall of a meteorite. This paper represents an overview of past and current research in astrobiology conducted in Earth orbit and beyond, with a special focus on ESA missions such as Biopan, STONE (on Russian FOTON capsules) and EXPOSE facilities (outside the International Space Station). The future of exposure platforms is discussed, notably how they can be improved for better science return, and how to incorporate the use of small satellites such as those built in cubesat format.

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“…The current martian surface environment is characterized by low temperatures, low atmospheric pressure, and consequent low availability of liquid water, and it is exceedingly hostile to the persistence of life (Horneck, 2000). The thin atmospheric layer offers only minimal shielding against solar UV (Patel et al, 2002), which would rapidly kill any exposed microorganisms (Schuerger et al, 2006) and photolyze organic molecules such as amino acids (ten Kate et al, 2005). This long-term UV flux is also expected to have produced a wind-dispersed layer of chemical oxidants on the surface (Zent and McKay, 1994;Yen et al, 2000).…”

Section: Sterilization Of Mars' Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Ionizing Radiation and Life

2011

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Ionizing radiation is a ubiquitous feature of the Cosmos, from exogenous cosmic rays (CR) to the intrinsic mineral radioactivity of a habitable world, and its influences on the emergence and persistence of life are wideranging and profound. Much attention has already been focused on the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation on organisms and the complex molecules of life, but ionizing radiation also performs many crucial functions in the generation of habitable planetary environments and the origins of life. This review surveys the role of CR and mineral radioactivity in star formation, generation of biogenic elements, and the synthesis of organic molecules and driving of prebiotic chemistry. Another major theme is the multiple layers of shielding of planetary surfaces from the flux of cosmic radiation and the various effects on a biosphere of violent but rare astrophysical events such as supernovae and gamma-ray bursts. The influences of CR can also be duplicitous, such as limiting the survival of surface life on Mars while potentially supporting a subsurface biosphere in the ocean of Europa. This review highlights the common thread that ionizing radiation forms between the disparate component disciplines of astrobiology.

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Ultraviolet radiation on the surface of Mars and the Beagle 2 UV sensor

Cited by 118 publications

References 34 publications

In situ measurements of particle load and transport in dust devils

In situ measurements of particle load and transport in dust devils

Space as a Tool for Astrobiology: Review and Recommendations for Experimentations in Earth Orbit and Beyond

Ionizing Radiation and Life

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