Ultraviolet radiation enhances Arctic net plankton community production

Garcia-Corral, Lara S.; Agustı́, Susana; Regaudie-de-Gioux, Aurore; Iuculano, Francesca; Carrillo-de-Albornoz, Paloma; Wassmann, Paul; Duarte, Carlos M.

doi:10.1002/2014gl060553

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“… Location of the communities where the effect of excluding UVB radiation on net community production was experimentally evaluated. The symbols include the communities sampled in the Malaspina Expedition (dots; n = 131) and published data from the Arctic Ocean (squares; n = 26, Garcia‐Corral et al ., ), Southern Ocean (triangles; n = 12, Regaudie‐de‐Gioux et al ., ), Pacific Ocean (crosses; n = 5, Godoy et al ., ), Atlantic Ocean (diamonds; n = 20, Regaudie‐de‐Gioux et al ., ) and the Mediterranean Sea (inverted triangles; n = 5, Garcia‐Corral et al ., ; n = 21, Regaudie‐de‐Gioux et al ., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We do this in the framework of the Malaspina 2010 Circumnavigation Expedition, which surveyed plankton communities across the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans (Duarte, 2015). We then assess the generality of the results obtained by combining them with recent assessments using the same approach in the South Pacific, the Mediterranean Sea and subtropical Atlantic and Polar Oceans (Godoy et al, 2012;Garcia-Corral et al, 2014, 2015Regaudie-de-Gioux et al, 2014a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of UVB radiation on net community production in the upper global ocean

Garcia-Corral

Holding

Carrillo-de-Albornoz

et al. 2016

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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Aim Erosion of the stratospheric ozone layer together with oligotrophication of the subtropical ocean is leading to enhanced exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation in ocean surface waters. The impact of increased exposure to UVB on planktonic primary producers and heterotrophs is uncertain. Here we test the null hypothesis that net community production (NCP) of plankton communities in surface waters of the tropical and subtropical ocean is not affected by ambient UVB radiation and extend this test to the global ocean, including the polar oceans and the Mediterranean Sea using previous results. Location We conducted experiments with 131 surface communities sampled during a circumnavigation cruise along the tropical and subtropical ocean and combined these results with 89 previous reports encompassing the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic and Southern Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea. Methods The use of quartz (transparent to UVB radiation) and borosilicate glass materials (opaque to most UVB) for incubations allowed us to compare NCP between communities where UVB is excluded and those receiving natural UVB radiation. Results We found that NCP varies when exposed to natural UVB radiation compared to those where UVB was removed. NCP of autotrophic communities tended to decrease under natural UVB radiation, whereas the NCP of heterotrophic communities tended to increase. However, these variations showed the opposite trend under higher levels of UVB radiation. Main conclusions Our results suggest that earlier estimates of NCP for surface communities, which were hitherto derived using materials blocking UVB radiation were biased, with the direction and magnitude of this bias depending on the metabolic status of the communities and the underwater penetration of UVB radiation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UVB radiation on net community production in the upper global ocean

Garcia-Corral

Holding

Carrillo-de-Albornoz

et al. 2016

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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“…Whereas Arctic warming is expected to lead to lower net community production (Vaquer-Sunyer et al, 2010, recent experimental results suggest that increased UVB radiation may partially stimulate primary production in surface waters (Garcia-Corral et al, 2014). In the central AO SINMOD projects only a slight increase in GPP and NP of 20-25 and 5-8 g C m −2 y −1 during the course of this century, respectively.…”

Section: Physical and Chemical Changes In The Future Arctic Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical constrains and productivity in the future Arctic Ocean

2015

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Today's physical oceanography and primary and secondary production was investigated for the entire Arctic Ocean (AO) with the physical-biologically coupled SINMOD model. To obtain indications on the effect of climate change in the twenty-first century the magnitude of change, and where and when these may take place SINMOD was forced with down-scaled climate trajectories of the International Panel of Climate Change with the A1B climate scenario which appears to predict an average global atmospheric temperature increase of 3.5-4 • C at the end of this century. It is projected that some surface water features of the physical oceanography in the AO and adjacent regions will change considerably. The largest changes will occur along the continuous domains of Pacific and in particular regarding Atlantic Water (AW) advection and the inflow shelves. Withdrawal of ice will increase primary production, but stratification will persist or, for the most, get stronger as a function of ice-melt and thermal warming along the inflow shelves. Thus, the nutrient dependent new and harvestable production will not increase proportionally with increasing photosynthetic active radiation (PAR). The greatest increases in primary production are found along the Eurasian perimeter of the AO (up to 40 g C m −2 y −1 ) and in particular in the northern Barents and Kara Seas (40-80 g C m −2 y −1 ) where less ice-cover implies less Arctic Water (ArW) and thus less stratification. Along the shelf break engirdling the AO upwelling and vertical mixing supplies nutrients to the euphotic zone when ice-cover withdraws northwards. The production of Arctic copepods along the Eurasian perimeter of the AO will increase significantly by the end of this century (2-4 g C m −2 y −1 ). Primary and secondary production will decrease along the southern sections of the continuous advection domains of Pacific and AW due to increasing thermal stratification. In the central AO primary production will not increase much due to stratification-induced nutrient limitation.

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“…Wängberg et al 2008) and ciliate biomass (Marangoni et al 2006;Summerer et al 2009). If the bacteria and grazers are more strongly inhibited by UV radiation than are primary producers, UV radiation may thus have a stimulating effect on net productivity in the melt ponds (Agustí et al 2014;Garcia-Corral et al 2014). In our study, primary production determined in bottle incubations may have been stimulated relative to in situ rates due to the exclusion of UV radiation in the incubation bottles (e.g.…”

Section: The Effect Of Nutrient Addition On Grazers and Higher Trophimentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient availability limits biological production in Arctic sea ice melt ponds

et al. 2017

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addition compared with their respective controls, with the largest increase occurring in the enclosures. Separate additions of PO 4 3− and NO 3 − in the enclosures led to intermediate increases in productivity, suggesting co-limitation of nutrients. Bacterial production and the biovolume of ciliates, which were the dominant grazers, were positively correlated with primary production, showing a tight coupling between primary production and both microbial activity and ciliate grazing. To our knowledge, this study is the first to ascertain nutrient limitation in melt ponds. We also document that the addition of nutrients, although at relative high concentrations, can stimulate biological productivity at several trophic levels. Given the projected increase in first-year ice, increased melt pond coverage during the Arctic spring and potential additional nutrient supply from, e.g. terrestrial sources imply that biological activity of melt ponds may become increasingly important for the sympagic carbon cycling in the future Arctic.

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Ultraviolet radiation enhances Arctic net plankton community production

Cited by 12 publications

References 78 publications

Effects of UVB radiation on net community production in the upper global ocean

Effects of UVB radiation on net community production in the upper global ocean

Physical constrains and productivity in the future Arctic Ocean

Nutrient availability limits biological production in Arctic sea ice melt ponds

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