Ultraviolet irradiation of plastics. I. Degradation of physical properties

Stephenson, C. V.; Moses, B. C.; Wilcox, W. S.

doi:10.1002/pol.1961.1205516204

Cited by 50 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This effect is demonstrated in Fig. 13 for thc ultraviolet degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (51 ) .…”

Section: Chain Scissionmentioning

confidence: 80%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cause and effect in the weathering of plastics

Kamal¹

1970

Polymer Engineering & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In most instances, the study of the weatherability of plastics follows empirical schemes that show little correlation with the actual effects of outdoor exposure. A more reliable analysis must be based on a knowledge of the factors in the weather which affect plastic properties and of the modes of interaction between these factors and the plastic material. It is shown that both the factors of the weather and the kinetics of polymer degradation may be expressed in a quantitative manner suitable for analytical treatment. Furthermore, it is shown that the analytical approach yields predictions which are in qualitative agreement with the results of actual outdoor exposure. Finally, some new techniques are proposed for more reliable predictions of long-term outdoor weatherability on the basis of laboratory studies.

show abstract

“…This effect is demonstrated in Fig. 13 for thc ultraviolet degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (51 ) .…”

Section: Chain Scissionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Effect of enuironment on irltraoiolet degradation of some commercial plartics(51). (Cozrrtery Interscience Publishers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cause and effect in the weathering of plastics

Kamal¹

1970

Polymer Engineering & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Yellowing is probably due to pyrrole formation during photodegradation or thermal degradation. Stephenson, Moses, and Wilcox [23] compared photodegradation of nylon 66 in nitrogen and in a vacuum. The extent of degradation was greater in nitrogen than in the vacuum.…”

Section: Degradation Of Nylon 66mentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Area of Degradation and Stabilization of Nylon 66

Thanki¹,

Singh²

1998

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part C: Polymer Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Photosensitizers include the degradation products created during melt spinning and high temperature fiber processing, TiO 2 (the standard fiber delusterant), iron salt contamination, as well as certain dyes and dye bath chemicals. The chemistry of the photodegradation of nylon is as complex as thermal degradation and has also been studied extensively (49,(51)(52)(53). Nylon-6 and nylon-6,6 fibers degrade when exposed directly to sunlight outdoors and under glass or to a source of uv radiation in the 300-to 400-nm wavelength range, resulting in the formation of hydroperoxides, chain scission, yellowing, and strength loss (53).…”

Section: Polyamides Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamides, Fibers

Anton¹,

Baird²

2001

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polyamide fibers are spun from linear thermoplastic polymers having recurring amide groups made from diamines and dicarboxylic acids (CONH R NHCO R ) n or lactams (RCONH) n . Polyamides are generally referred to as nylons when R and R are essentially aliphatic, alicyclic, and less than 85% of the amide linkages are attached directly to two aromatic rings. When these linkages are equal to or greater than 85% aromatic, the fibers are referred to as aramids. Polyamides from the condensation of diamines and dicarboxylic acids are termed AABB type, and those from lactams, AB type. Aliphatic polyamides are identified by numerals that indicate the number of carbon atoms in the monomer. One number is used for the AB type and two numbers, the first designating the diamine, for the AABB type. For example, the polyamide made from caprolactam (six carbons) is nylon-6 [25038-54-4], and those from hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, nylon-6,6 [9011-56-6]. Monomers containing ring structures are coded by either a single letter such as T for terephthalic acid (nylon-6,T) or an abbreviated form such as PACM for bis(p-aminocyclohexyl)methane, eg, PACM-12. In designating a random copolyamide, the components are named in order of decreasing percentages, followed by their weight percentages in parentheses. For example, if hexamethylenediamine adipic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedioic acid are copolymerized to give 50% nylon-6,6, 40% nylon-6,10, and 10% nylon-6,12, the product can be designated as nylon-6,6/6,10/6,12 (50/40/10). A block copolyamide, which is made by melt-blending two polyamides or a yarn consisting of fibers spun from two different polymer melt streams such as nylon-6,6 and nylon-6,10, can be designated as nylon-6,6//6,10 (50//50).Wallace H. Carothers and his research team at DuPont discovered nylon-6,6, which is covered in his patents issued in 1937 and 1938. Diamines from C 2 to C 18 were synthesized and reacted with aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids to make polyamides, which were then melt spun and evaluated as fibers. Nylon-6,6 was ultimately selected for scale-up and development because of its favorable

show abstract

Ultraviolet irradiation of plastics. I. Degradation of physical properties

Cited by 50 publications

References 9 publications

Cause and effect in the weathering of plastics

Cause and effect in the weathering of plastics

Progress in the Area of Degradation and Stabilization of Nylon 66

Polyamides, Fibers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About