Abstract— –The action spectra and quantum yields for photoreactivable, non‐photoreactivable and total damage caused by u.v. in the RNA isolated from potato virus X differ from those for similar types of damage in the whole virus. The differences result from the virus protein partly protecting the RNA from damage, and the degree of protection depends on the wavelength of u.v. and on the salt concentration of the irradiated solution. The action spectra for the different types of damage in the RNA all resemble the absorption spectrum of the RNA, but do not exactly parallel it. The photoreactivable sectors of the RNA and of the whole virus are greater at 290 nm than at 230 nm but, whereas that of the virus increases rectilinearly, that of the RNA has a pronounced minimum at about 250 nm. At wavelengths longer than 240 nm, the photoreactivable sector of the virus exceeds that of the RNA, because, at these wavelengths, the virus protein protects the RNA more against non‐photoreactivable damage than against photoreactivable damage.