Ultraviolet grafting of methacrylic acid and acrylic acid on high‐density polyethylene in different solvents and the wettability of grafted high‐density polyethylene. I. Grafting

Abstract

Methacrylic acid (MAA) and acrylic acid (AA) were grafted onto high‐density polyethylene (PE) with UV initiation and a range of solvents. With acetone as the solvent, MAA was more easily grafted onto PE when the photoinitiator benzophenone was precoated on PE than when it was dissolved in the monomer solution. The grafting was faster in aliphatic solvents than in polar solvents or a UV‐adsorbing aromatic solvent (toluene). Acetone itself could initiate the photografting of both MAA and AA onto PE when it was mixed with water. The extent of grafting of MAA onto PE showed a maximum when there was about 40% acetone in the mixture. For AA, when the acetone/water concentration was 10%, the extent of grafting increased rapidly with the irradiation time. At higher acetone concentrations, the extent of grafting was low. Atomic force microscopy images showed that the surface topography of PE grafted with MAA in acetone/water was quite different from that obtained when the grafting was performed in other organic solvents. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 253–262, 2004

Polymer Surface Modifications by Coating

“…In the case of organic solvent, the affinity of the solvent with the polymeric substrates (Wang, Brown, & Li, 2007;Wang & Brown, 2004a;Yang & Ranby, 1999;Zhao et al, 2000) and the initiating ability of the solvents (Deng et al, 2000a) should be considered to raise the reactivity ratio. Additionally, by using the mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent, the affinity of the mixed solvent with the polymeric substrate could be precisely controlled, which may efficiently determine the location of the grafted chains (Deng et al, 2000a;Irwan et al, 2002Irwan et al, , 2003aIrwan et al, , 2003bIrwan et al, , 2004Irwan et al, , 2005Wang & Brown, 2004b, 2004c.…”

Fabrication and characterization of a PAM modified PHBV/BG scaffold

“…Photografting polymerization was processed under a mercury lamp (Philips 400S) with nitrogen flows for 20 min (The time was determined on the basis of the experiments we made before [10] ). The grafted scaffolds were taken out from the solution swiftly and transferred to a Soxhelt extractor which was full of acetone for 48 h. The grafted scaffolds were immersed in deionized water for 48 h. The above two procedures were intended to remove residual polyacrylamide homopolymer and acrylamide [13] . Finally, the scaffolds were frozen at −50℃ and freezedried for 48 h.…”

Prevention of Candida albicans Biofilm Formation

“…for the functionalization of polymeric materials. This technique allows the introduction of graft chains to a polymer without changing its bulk properties [127]. For surface modification, various polar, hydrophilic monomers have been grafted onto hydrophobic surfaces, such as polyolefins using photoinitiated polymerization.…”