Ultraviolet and carotenoid-based coloration in the viviparous lizard<i>Zootoca vivipara</i>(Squamata: Lacertidae) in relation to age, sex, and morphology

Martín, Melissa; Meylan, Sandrine; Gomez, Doris; Galliard, Jean‐François Le

doi:10.1111/bij.12104

Cited by 35 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Ventral melanin‐based spots and carotenoid‐based coloration are sexually dimorphic. Females present no or very few melanin‐based spots and less conspicuous yellow/orange coloration than males (Martin et al ., ). In the here‐studied populations, the great majority of the females present no yellow/orange coloration, that is, they exhibit a white belly (Arribas, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Corticosterone regulates multiple colour traits in Lacerta [Zootoca] vivipara males

San‐Jose

Fitze

2013

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Ornamental colours usually evolve as honest signals of quality, which is supported by the fact that they frequently depend on individual condition. It has generally been suggested that some, but not all types of ornamental colours are condition dependent, indicating that different evolutionary mechanisms underlie the evolution of multiple types of ornamental colours even when these are exhibited by the same species. Stress hormones, which negatively affect condition, have been shown to affect colour traits based on different pigments and structures, suggesting that they mediate condition dependence of multiple ornament types both among and within individuals. However, studies investigating effects of stress hormones on different ornament types within individuals are lacking, and thus, evidence for this hypothesis is scant. Here, we investigated whether corticosterone mediates condition dependence of multiple ornaments by manipulating corticosterone levels and body condition (via food availability) using a two-factorial design and by assessing their effect on multiple colour traits in male common lizards. Corticosterone negatively affected ventral melanin-and carotenoid-based coloration, whereas food availability did not affect coloration, despite its significant effect on body condition. The corticosterone effect on melanin-and carotenoid-based coloration demonstrates the condition dependence of both ornaments. Moreover, corticosterone affected ventral coloration and had no effect on the nonsexually selected dorsal coloration, showing specific effects of corticosterone on ornamental ventral colours. This suggests that corticosterone simultaneously mediates condition dependence of multiple colour traits and that it therefore accounts for covariation among them, which may influence their evolution via correlational selection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Corticosterone regulates multiple colour traits in Lacerta [Zootoca] vivipara males

San‐Jose

Fitze

2013

J of Evolutionary Biology

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“…We applied a principal component analysis (PCA) to condense the resulting hue, chroma, and brightness values into a single color score based on extraction of the scores from the first principal component axis (PC1) [39], [42]. This axis accounted for between 76.1 and 76.4% of the variation in visible-range color properties of the dewlap and ventral patches, respectively (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preference for Male Traits Differ in Two Female Morphs of the Tree Lizard, Urosaurus ornatus

2014

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Non-random female mating preferences may contribute to the maintenance of phenotypic variation in color polymorphic species. However, the effect of female preference depends on the types of male traits used as signals by receptive females. If preference signals derive from discrete male traits (i.e., morph-specific), female preferences may rapidly fix to a morph. However, female preference signals may also include condition-dependent male traits. In this scenario, female preference may differ depending on the social context (i.e., male morph availability). Male tree lizards (Urosaurus ornatus) exhibit a dewlap color polymorphism that covaries with mating behavior. Blue morph males are aggressive and defend territories, yellow males are less aggressive and defend smaller territories, and orange males are typically nomadic. Female U. ornatus are also polymorphic in dewlap color, but the covariation between dewlap color and female behavior is unknown. We performed an experiment to determine how female mate choice depends on the visual and chemical signals produced by males. We also tested whether female morphs differ in their preferences for these signals. Female preferences involved both male dewlap color and size of the ventral color patch. However, the female morphs responded to these signals differently and depended on the choice between the types of male morphs. Our experiment revealed that females may be capable of distinguishing among the male morphs using chemical signals alone. Yellow females exhibit preferences based on both chemical and visual signals, which may be a strategy to avoid ultra-dominant males. In contrast, orange females may prefer dominant males. We conclude that female U. ornatus morphs differ in mating behavior. Our findings also provide evidence for a chemical polymorphism among male lizards in femoral pore secretions.

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“…The number of blue spots was positively correlated with SVL (N=43, Pearson's correlation test, r=0.35, t 41 =2.37, p=0.023). We quantified the reflectance on the first three blue spots of the right flank starting from the front legs using a spectrophotometer as described by Martin et al (2013). Reflectance spectra were imported into Avicol software v5 (Gomez 2006), where we calculated brightness (total reflectance over the range 300-700 nm), chroma (difference between maximal and minimal reflectance divided by the average reflectance), UV hue (wavelength of the maximal reflectance in the UV range), and UV chroma (proportion of the UV reflectance relative to the total reflectance).…”

Section: Sampling and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV coloration influences spatial dominance but not agonistic behaviors in male wall lizards

Martín

Meylan

Perret

et al. 2015

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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A bright ultraviolet (UV) component in the coloration of males may signal individual quality and thus determine the outcome of male-male contests. Yet, the role of the UV component of coloration in resolving conflicts is still controversial relative to factors such as residency status and seasonality. Here, we investigated whether a reduction of UV reflectance of lateral blue spots in male wall lizards (Podarcis muralis) interacts with residency status (resident vs. intruder) to influence agonistic behaviors, the outcome of contests, and basking time (a measure of spatial dominance). We performed this experiment during one breeding and one non-breeding season. The UV manipulation did not predict the outcome of contests. During the breeding season, the agonistic behaviors and basking time depended on the residency status of males but not on their UV treatment. During the non-breeding season, experimental factors affected basking time only. For a given male, the time spent basking depended in a complex manner on its residency status, its UV treatment, and those of its rival. UV reflectance of blue spots thus influences the processes of mutual assessment and spatial dominance, but is not a critical determinant of fighting success. Altogether, these results evidence context-dependent effects of the UV reflectance of blue spots on territorial behaviors according to residency status and, potentially, season. They also suggest that UV signaling may be more important than expected for malemale interactions during the non-breeding season.

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Ultraviolet and carotenoid-based coloration in the viviparous lizardZootoca vivipara(Squamata: Lacertidae) in relation to age, sex, and morphology

Cited by 35 publications

References 69 publications

Corticosterone regulates multiple colour traits in Lacerta [Zootoca] vivipara males

Corticosterone regulates multiple colour traits in Lacerta [Zootoca] vivipara males

Preference for Male Traits Differ in Two Female Morphs of the Tree Lizard, Urosaurus ornatus

UV coloration influences spatial dominance but not agonistic behaviors in male wall lizards

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