Ultrastructure of antennal sensilla of four skipper butterflies in Parnara sp. and Pelopidas sp. (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae)

Yuan, Xiangqun; Gao, Ke; Feng, Yuan; Zhang, Yalin

doi:10.3897/zookeys.399.7063

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The main olfactory appendage responsible for the detection of such chemical signals are the antennae. Our morphological analyses verified that the antennae of T. licus are similar to the antennae of other moths in Castniidae and Sesiidae [12,13,[30][31][32][33], as well as to those of butterflies in Hesperiidae and Papilionidae [34,35]. The external features of the antennae are believed to have two functions: provide a protective barrier for the sensilla [36], and to trap odorant molecules [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Morphological, chemical and electrophysiological investigations of Telchin licus (Lepidoptera: Castniidae)

et al. 2020

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The giant sugarcane borer Telchin licus (Drury, 1773) (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) is a day-flying moth pest of sugarcane, pineapples and bananas. To better understand the chemical communication in this species, we examined the morphology of its olfactory system and the chemical composition of its body parts. The ventral surface of the clubbed antennae of T. licus has six morphological types of sensilla: sensilla trichodea, basiconica, chaetica, squamiforma, coeloconica, and auricillica. The telescopic ovipositor shows no evidence of a sexual gland, or female-specific compounds. On the other hand, the midleg basitarsus of males releases (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadienol and (Z,E)-2,13-octadecadienol, which are electroantennographically active in both sexes. These compounds are known female sex pheromones in the Sesiidae family and are male-specific compounds in another castniid moth, although further investigations are necessary to elucidate their ecological role in the Castniidae family.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Morphological, chemical and electrophysiological investigations of Telchin licus (Lepidoptera: Castniidae)

et al. 2020

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“…The antennae were washed for 30 s using 70% ethanol solution and stove-dried at 40 • C for 24 h. After drying, the specimens were attached to a holder using electric adhesive tape, sputter-coated with gold for 45 s (Hitachi e-1010, Tokyo, Japan), and examined and photographed with an S-3000 N SEM (at 16 kV, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). The different sensilla types were discriminated based on their morphological features described in the literature [22][23][24]. The abundance of different sensilla types of T. limniace varied, and, thus, we counted the sensilla on each segment from the dorsal, ventral, and lateral parts of the antenna.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopementioning

confidence: 99%

Pupal and Adult Experience Affect Adult Response to Food Odour Components in the Flower-Visiting Butterfly Tirumala limniace

Li,

Wang,

Bian

et al. 2024

Insects

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Butterflies have the ability to learn to associate olfactory information with abundant food sources during foraging. How the co-occurrence of both food and food odours affects the learning behaviour of adults and whether butterflies perceive the odour of their surroundings and develop a preference for that odour during the pupal stage have rarely been tested. We examined the effect of experience with food odour components (α-pinene and ethyl acetate) during the pupal and adult stages on the foraging behaviour of the flower-visiting butterfly Tirumala limniace. We found that α-pinene exposure during the pupal stage changed the foraging preference of newly emerged adults. T. limniace exhibits olfactory learning in the adult stage, and adult learning may influence their previous pupal memory. Moreover, adults’ odour preference did not continue to increase over multiple training times. The learning ability of adults for floral odours (α-pinene) was greater than that for non-floral odours (ethyl acetate). In contrast to previous studies, we found that males learned odours more efficiently than females did. This could be attributed to differences in antennal sensilla, affecting sensitivity to compounds and nectar demand between males and females. Our study provides further insight into how olfactory learning helps flower-visiting butterflies use food odours to forage better.

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“…Sensilla are the fundamental morphological structure on chemosensory organs such as the antennae, the maxillary palps and the legs in insects (Zacharuk, 1980;Zacharuk & Shields, 1991;Stocker, 1994). In Lepidoptera, the surface structures of sensilla in both moth and butterfly species have been well investigated (Shields, 1996;Yuan et al, 2014). Chemosensory sensilla generally display distinctive features with pores on the surface that allows odorants or tastants to penetrate into the sensillum lymph.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Lepidoptera, the surface structures of sensilla in both moth and butterfly species have been well investigated (Shields, 1996; Yuan et al. , 2014). Chemosensory sensilla generally display distinctive features with pores on the surface that allows odorants or tastants to penetrate into the sensillum lymph.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The olfactory system of Pieris brassicae caterpillars: from receptors to glomeruli

Wang,

Smid,

Dicke

et al. 2023

Insect Science

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The olfactory system of adult lepidopterans is among the best described neuronal circuits. However, comparatively little is known about the organization of the olfactory system in the larval stage of these insects. Here, we explore the expression of olfactory receptors and the organization of olfactory sensory neurons in caterpillars of Pieris brassicae, a significant pest species in Europe and a well‐studied species for its chemical ecology. To describe the larval olfactory system in this species, we first analyzed the head transcriptome of third‐instar larvae (L3) and identified 16 odorant receptors (ORs) including the OR coreceptor (Orco), 13 ionotropic receptors (IRs), and 8 gustatory receptors (GRs). We then quantified the expression of these 16 ORs in different life stages, using qPCR, and found that the majority of ORs had significantly higher expression in the L4 stage than in the L3 and L5 stages, indicating that the larval olfactory system is not static throughout caterpillar development. Using an Orco‐specific antibody, we identified all olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) expressing the Orco protein in L3, L4, and L5 caterpillars and found a total of 34 Orco‐positive ORNs, distributed among three sensilla on the antenna. The number of Orco‐positive ORNs did not differ among the three larval instars. Finally, we used retrograde axon tracing of the antennal nerve and identified a mean of 15 glomeruli in the larval antennal center (LAC), suggesting that the caterpillar olfactory system follows a similar design as the adult olfactory system, although with a lower numerical redundancy. Taken together, our results provide a detailed analysis of the larval olfactory neurons in P. brassicae, highlighting both the differences as well as the commonalities with the adult olfactory system. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the development of the olfactory system in insects and its life‐stage‐specific adaptations.

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Ultrastructure of antennal sensilla of four skipper butterflies in Parnara sp. and Pelopidas sp. (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae)

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Morphological, chemical and electrophysiological investigations of Telchin licus (Lepidoptera: Castniidae)

Morphological, chemical and electrophysiological investigations of Telchin licus (Lepidoptera: Castniidae)

Pupal and Adult Experience Affect Adult Response to Food Odour Components in the Flower-Visiting Butterfly Tirumala limniace

The olfactory system of Pieris brassicae caterpillars: from receptors to glomeruli

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