Ultrastructure and Molecular Phylogeny of Thaumatomonads (Cercozoa) with Emphasis on Thaumatomastix salina from Oslofjorden, Norway

Ota, Shuhei; Eikrem, Wenche; Edvardsen, Bente

doi:10.1016/j.protis.2011.10.007

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…While siliceous scales on the cell surface is regarded as a synapomorphic characteristic of thaumatomonads (Ota et al. ), we could not detect any putative related structures in E. lacrimiformis even under the electron microscope. The SDV and its putative related structure were also not detected in the cell.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…The extrusomes of Thaumatomastix are cylindrical, with lengths > 1 μm (Ota et al. ; Fig. 4D, E), have neither a heterogeneous axial element nor a cap structure, and contain only fibrous and amorphous materials (Ota et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4D, E), have neither a heterogeneous axial element nor a cap structure, and contain only fibrous and amorphous materials (Ota et al. ). The extrusome of E. lacrimiformis is similar to that of Thaumatomastix in terms of size and the absence of a heterogeneous axial element.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cell surfaces of thaumatomonads are decorated with many small siliceous scales, which are synthesized in silica deposition vesicles (SDVs) that are associated with the mitochondria (e.g. Beech and Moestrup 1986;Karpov 1987;Ota et al 2012;Preisig 1994;Belcher 1974, 1975;Thomsen et al 1993). All thaumatomonads harbor two-tiered siliceous scales on their cell surface, according to previous electron microscopic investigations (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Esquamula lacrimiformis n. g., n. sp., a New Member of Thaumatomonads that Lacks Siliceous Scales

Shiratori

Yabuki

Ishida

2012

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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We report a new naked cercozoan flagellate, Esquamula lacrimiformis n. g., n. sp., collected from a sandy beach in Japan. Its cells were 4.5-11.3 μm in length and 3.9-8.8 μm in width and possess two unequal flagella. Cells move in a smooth gliding motion and have a trailing long posterior flagellum. Phylogenetic analyses with small and large subunit ribosomal RNA genes revealed that E. lacrimiformis forms a novel lineage within the Thaumatomonadida, the members of which are flagellates with siliceous scales. However, our light and electron microscopic observations indicated that E. lacrimiformis cells do not possess any siliceous structures. Furthermore, other morphological characteristics, such as the shape of the extrusomes and the structural arrangement of the microbody, were clearly different from those of previously described thaumatomonads. On the basis of a combination of these morphological observations and our phylogenetic analyses, we conclude that E. lacrimiformis should be treated as a new species of a new genus and placed into a new family, Esquamulidae n. fam., under Thaumatomonadida.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Esquamula lacrimiformis n. g., n. sp., a New Member of Thaumatomonads that Lacks Siliceous Scales

Shiratori

Yabuki

Ishida

2012

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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“…Although a hallmark of metazoan filopodia is their dynamic nature (i.e., protrusion and retraction), little is known about the dynamic properties of filopodia-like structures in non-metazoans (Adl et al 2012; Cavalier-Smith 2013). Among bikonts, filopodia-like structures are found in excavates (e.g., Naegleria gruberi ; Preston and King 2005), stramenopiles (Pawlowski 2008), and rhizarians (Cavalier-Smith 2003; Pawlowski 2008; Ota et al 2011), in which filopodia represent one of the defining morphological characteristics of the group (Pawlowski 2008; Brown et al 2012). In contrast, no filopodia-like structures have been so far described in other bikont clades, such as plants or alveolates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Origin of Metazoan Filopodia and Microvilli

Sebé-Pedrós

Burkhardt

Sánchez-Pons

et al. 2013

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Filopodia are fine actin-based cellular projections used for both environmental sensing and cell motility, and they are essential organelles for metazoan cells. In this study, we reconstruct the origin of metazoan filopodia and microvilli. We first report on the evolutionary assembly of the filopodial molecular toolkit and show that homologs of many metazoan filopodial components, including fascin and myosin X, were already present in the unicellular or colonial progenitors of metazoans. Furthermore, we find that the actin crosslinking protein fascin localizes to filopodia-like structures and microvilli in the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta. In addition, homologs of filopodial genes in the holozoan Capsaspora owczarzaki are upregulated in filopodia-bearing cells relative to those that lack them. Therefore, our findings suggest that proteins essential for metazoan filopodia and microvilli are functionally conserved in unicellular and colonial holozoans and that the last common ancestor of metazoans bore a complex and specific filopodial machinery.

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Silicification in the Microalgae

Finkel

2016

The Physiology of Microalgae

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Ultrastructure and Molecular Phylogeny of Thaumatomonads (Cercozoa) with Emphasis on Thaumatomastix salina from Oslofjorden, Norway

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Esquamula lacrimiformis n. g., n. sp., a New Member of Thaumatomonads that Lacks Siliceous Scales

Esquamula lacrimiformis n. g., n. sp., a New Member of Thaumatomonads that Lacks Siliceous Scales

Insights into the Origin of Metazoan Filopodia and Microvilli

Silicification in the Microalgae

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