Ultrastructural morphometry of human leucocytes in health and disease

Sokol, Robert J.; Hudson, G.; Wales, J.; James, N. T.

doi:10.1016/0892-0354(91)90020-d

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…There was a more than twofold increase in the proportion of macrophages showing immune-mediated erythrophagocytosis with a smaller significant increase in the number of erythrocytes per phagocytic cell. These findings arc in keeping with other reports of increased immunc-mediated interactions during macrophage development [3,4], The evidence of increased functional activity obtained here also confirms the inference drawn from our previous morphometric studies which showed a sequential increase in cell volume, surface complexity and mitochondrial com ponent of mononuclear phagocytes during 6 days of cul ture [6], although it is not inferred that at the level of the individual cell, there is a direct correlation between mor phology (particularly size) and function. No significant change was found in the proportion of cells showing ro sette formation (table 1) and this can be taken to imply that there was no appreciable difference between the monocytes and macrophages in terms of their ability to recognize and bind immunoglobulin-coated erythrocytes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The heavy coating of antibody made it unlikely that any greater sensitivity of the erythrophagocytic assay as compared with rosetting [14] would affect the results, while our use throughout of an anti-D which contained both IgG[ and IgG3 was intended to obvi ate differences due to IgG subclass [15][16][17][18], It is doubtful whether the sensitivity of the methods employed here would have been increased by lymphokine stimulation. Intcrferon-y has been shown to increase the number and surface density of FcyRl receptors [11] (which are known to bind the anti-D-coated human red cells [10]) and may increase macrophagc:red cell interaction overall [19]; it may however suppress erythrophagocytosis [20], The present method, which allows quantitative assess ments to be made, will permit us to determine whether im pairment of the immune-mediated function accompanies the disordered macrophage development which has been found in haematological malignancies [6], and although there is considerable individual variation in the normal ( fig. 1), it could provide a means of evaluating the compro mise of host defence mechanisms in neoplastic conditions [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitation of Immune-Mediated Erythrophagocytosis and Resetting in Developing Macrophages

et al. 1993

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As part of our ongoing investigations of mononuclear phagocytes in health and disease, measurement of antibody-dependent erythrophagocytosis and rosette formation was carried out during human macrophage development in a suspension culture system. Cells derived from 12 normal human subjects were studied at the monocyte (day 0) and macrophage (day 6) stage of development. Analysis of variance demonstrated significant differences between monocytes and macrophages: the mean proportions of cells ( ± SEM) showing erythrophagocytosis were 0.09 ( ± 0.02) and 0.24 ( ± 0.06), respectively, and the average numbers of engulfed red cells ( ± SEM) were 1.12 ( ± 0.02) and 1.38 ( ± 0.11), respectively. No significant difference was detected in rosette formation. It is concluded that (1) immune-mediated activity of developing macrophages can be quantitated; (2) functional changes take place over 6 days of culture; (3) macrophages show more erythrophagocytic activity than monocytes, and (4) the method should be of value in making quantitative comparisons of their functional development in haematological and other disease states.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation of Immune-Mediated Erythrophagocytosis and Resetting in Developing Macrophages

et al. 1993

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“…Subtle variations in size, shape and texture of cells may be detected by quantitative parameters, which, when applied in diagnostic pitfalls, allow greater reproducibility 19 – 23. Morphometric evaluation of nuclear characteristics is of special interest, as it may also correlate with tumour differentiation and, sometimes, with the aggressiveness of the neoplasm 24…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic value of combining immunostaining for CD3 and nuclear morphometry in mycosis fungoides

et al. 2007

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“…These are spherical or ovoid, and contain a crystalline core surrounded by a less electron-dense matrix. 6 The core is comprised of major basic protein (MBP) and the matrix contains the other three basic granule proteins, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN or EPX).7 These basic proteins stain avidly with dyes such as eosin from which the cell gained its name. Eosinophils also contain lipid bodies which are non-membrane-bound organelles and the principal store of arachidonic acid esterified into glycerophospholipids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophils in the 1990s: New perspectives on their role in health and disease

Wardlaw

1994

Postgraduate Medical Journal

103

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Summary Eosinophils are characterized by their unique crystalloid granules that contain four basic proteins--MBP, ECP, EDN and EPO. The cell has many common features with neutrophils but, unlike that cell type, eosinophils utilize VLA-4/VCAM-1 as an adherence pathway and have a number of other receptors not shared by neutrophils. These include recognition units for IgE (distinct from CD23), and receptors for IL-5, IL-3 and RANTES. Following stimulation with a variety of agents, eosinophils preferentially elaborate LTC4 as the major 5-lipoxygenase product of arachidonic acid and produce substantial amounts of PAF. Of particular interest is the ability of eosinophils to synthesize a number of cytokines. Thus eosinophils have marked pro-inflammatory potential. There is now convincing evidence that eosinophilia is T-cell dependent. The Th2-type cell, which selectively secretes IL-5 and IL-4, seems particularly involved. IL-5, IL-3 and GM-CSF are required for eosinophil maturation, and cause activation and prolonged survival of the mature cell. IL-5 is unique in that it promotes terminal differentiation of the committed eosinophil precursor and in vivo in mice appears to be sufficient on its own for eosinophil growth from uncommited stem cells. IL-4 selectively upregulates VCAM-1 expression on endothelial cells thus augmenting VLA-4-dependent eosinophil adhesion. The role of eosinophils in disease is complex but in general their numbers are increased in helminthic parasitic disease and atopic allergy and asthma. Eosinophil products can produce many of the pathological features of asthma, and helminthic larvae coated with immunoglobulin or complement are particularly susceptible to eosinophil-mediated cytotoxicity. Eosinopenia is often related to acute inflammation or stress.

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Ultrastructural morphometry of human leucocytes in health and disease

Cited by 7 publications

References 102 publications

Quantitation of Immune-Mediated Erythrophagocytosis and Resetting in Developing Macrophages

Quantitation of Immune-Mediated Erythrophagocytosis and Resetting in Developing Macrophages

Diagnostic value of combining immunostaining for CD3 and nuclear morphometry in mycosis fungoides

Eosinophils in the 1990s: New perspectives on their role in health and disease

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