Ultrastructural Location of Extracellular Matrix Components in the Optic Nerve Head

Morrison, John C.; L'Hernault, Nancy; Jerdan, Janice A.; Quigley, Harry A.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1989.01070010125040

Cited by 95 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Integrin ␣-4 can bind to the ECM glycoproteins, fibronectin and thrombospondin, which were expressed by normal and glaucomatous ONH astrocytes without differences at the mRNA level in the microarrays. Integrin ␣-6 connects cells with molecules of the laminin family, which are expressed by ONH astrocytes in vivo and in vitro (Hernandez et al, 1987;Morrison et al, 1989;Wang et al, 1996). Western blot analysis of cell lysates confirmed that integrin ␣-6 was also downregulated at the protein level in glaucomatous ONH astrocytes (Fig.…”

Section: Differential Expression Of Genes That Influence Cell Migrationsupporting

confidence: 42%

Differential gene expression in astrocytes from human normal and glaucomatous optic nerve head analyzed by cDNA microarray

Hernandez

Agapova

Yang

et al. 2002

Glia

146

112

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Recent advances in cDNA microarray technology have made it possible to analyze expression of several thousand genes at the same time. Using this technique, gene expression in human astrocytes cultured from glaucomatous and normal optic nerve heads (ONH) was compared. One hundred-fifty genes were differentially expressed more than 5-fold in glaucomatous cell cultures compared with normal. These genes are involved in a number of biological processes, including signal transduction, cell adhesion and proliferation, ECM synthesis, and degradation. Confirmation of differential gene expression was performed by quantitative RT-PCR. Western blots and immunohistochemistry demonstrated gene products in cell cultures or in human ONH tissues. Proliferation, adhesion and migration assays tested physiological responses suggested by differential gene expression. Our study suggests that cultured glaucomatous ONH astrocytes retain in culture many phenotypic characteristics that may be relevant to their role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma and, in general to reactive astrocytes in the CNS. Potential applications of these data include the identification and characterization of signaling pathways involved in astrocyte function, studies of the role of steroid-metabolizing enzymes in the glaucomatous ONH, and further exploration of the role of selected identified genes in experimental animal and in vitro models of glaucoma.

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Section: Differential Expression Of Genes That Influence Cell Migrationsupporting

confidence: 42%

Differential gene expression in astrocytes from human normal and glaucomatous optic nerve head analyzed by cDNA microarray

Hernandez

Agapova

Yang

et al. 2002

Glia

146

112

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“…Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with immunogold labelling has helped identify the lamina's ECM components in a more accurate manner than is pos sible by light immunohistochemistry [18], However, the contribution o f TEM to our knowledge o f the lamina's structure is limited. Little has been added beyond the work of Anderson [6] on the adult nerve head and that of Rhodes f 19] on the developing nerve head.…”

Section: Electron M Icro Scop Ymentioning

confidence: 46%

The Three-Dimensional Structure of the Connective Tissue in the Lamina Cribrosa of the Human Optic Nerve Head

Birch

Brotchie²,

Roberts³

et al. 1997

Ophthalmologica

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Comprehensive understanding of the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the lamina cribrosa is central to understanding its role in health and disease, particularly how changes in configuration might precipitate nerve fibre death in glaucoma. Research until recently has relied almost entirely on light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the ECM of the lamina cribrosa. In this paper, we review the contribution of these methods to current understanding of the three-dimensional structure of the lamina ECM, highlight their potential weaknesses and emphasise that there is still much to be revealed about the structure of the lamina ECM. We then describe our development of confocal microscopy and computer reconstruction as a new and alternative method of investigating the three-dimensional structure of the lamina ECM. We show how optical sectioning allows the confocal microscope to acquire three-dimensional images of the lamina ECM without the degree of tissue disruption associated with preparation for SEM and demonstrate the versatility of analysis of these images by computer reconstructive software. A case is made for confocal microscopy and computer reconstruction contributing to our understanding of this important but complex and delicate structure.

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“…[1][2][3] With the advent of spectraldomain optical coherence tomography (OCT) with enhanced depth imaging (EDI), we can now capture the images of the LC in vivo. Several studies have identified LC findings including LC thinning, posterior displacement, and changes like focal hole, focal defect, and disinsertion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Ocular characteristics associated with the location of focal lamina cribrosa defects in open-angle glaucoma patients

Park

Hwang

Park

2016

Eye

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Purpose To investigate the clinical characteristics according to the location of focal lamina cribrosa (LC) defects and its associated ocular features. Patients and methods A total of 139 openangle glaucoma patients underwent Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) with enhanced depth imaging. Alterations in the contour of the LC were investigated to find focal LC defects. The location of the visible LC defect from the neural canal wall (farperipheral and mid-peripheral) and clockhour position (superotemporal, temporal and inferotemporal) were classified. Disc ovality ratio and disc-foveal angle were measured from disc and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) photographs. The disc tilt degree was measured using a Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) III system. The en face OCT image of the disc scans was registered to the disc and RNFL photographs, to determine whether the focal LC defects corresponded spatially to the glaucomatous damage location. Results Eyes with far-peripheral LC defects were significantly myopic and had a higher disc ovality ratio. The disc tilt degree obtained by HRT revealed significant temporal disc tilt in eyes with temporal LC defects (Po0.001). Eyes with inferotemporal LC defects had a significantly larger discfoveal angle (P = 0.027). The inferotemporal LC defects corresponded to the location of glaucomatous damage in 81.6%; however, only 46.2% of eyes with a superotemporal LC defect and 3.2% of eyes with a temporal LC defect corresponded spatially with the glaucomatous damage location. Conclusions The clinical characteristics and association with glaucomatous damage location were different according to the location of focal LC defect.

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Ultrastructural Location of Extracellular Matrix Components in the Optic Nerve Head

Cited by 95 publications

References 22 publications

Differential gene expression in astrocytes from human normal and glaucomatous optic nerve head analyzed by cDNA microarray

Differential gene expression in astrocytes from human normal and glaucomatous optic nerve head analyzed by cDNA microarray

The Three-Dimensional Structure of the Connective Tissue in the Lamina Cribrosa of the Human Optic Nerve Head

Ocular characteristics associated with the location of focal lamina cribrosa defects in open-angle glaucoma patients

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