Ultrastructural localization of acetylcholinesterase activity in the developing chick retina.

Araki, Masasuke; Idé, Chizuka; Saito, Takuma

doi:10.1267/ahc.15.242

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Thereafter, the expression of both subunits are seen in amacrine neurons, followed by alpha 8 subunit in bipolar cells and alpha 3 in displaced ganglion cells in the inner nuclear layer. These results reveal not only different developmental patterns of cells containing alpha 3 and alpha 8 nAChR subunits, but also indicate that both subunits are expressed in the chick retina before ChAT and well before retinal synaptogenesis (Araki et al 1982). In addition, despite the fact that nAChRs alpha 3 and alpha 8 subunits have different time courses of development in the embryonic chick retina, it could also be suggested that the birth of cholinoceptive cells followed the neurogenesis time course of specific cell types.…”

Section: Cholinoceptive Cellsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Neurochemical phenotype and birthdating of specific cell populations in the chick retina

Calaza

Gardino

2010

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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The chick embryo is one of the most traditional models in developing neuroscience and its visual system has been one of the most exhaustively studied. The retina has been used as a model for studying the development of the nervous system. Here, we describe the morphological features that characterize each stage of the retina development and studies of the neurogenesis period of some specific neurochemical subpopulations of retinal cells by using a combination of immunohistochemistry and autoradiography of tritiated-thymidine. It could be concluded that the proliferation period of dopaminergic, GABAergic, cholinoceptive and GABAceptive cells does not follow a common rule of the neurogenesis. In addition, some specific neurochemical cell groups can have a restrict proliferation period when compared to the total cell population.

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Section: Cholinoceptive Cellsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Neurochemical phenotype and birthdating of specific cell populations in the chick retina

Calaza

Gardino

2010

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…Morphological studies on retinal devel opment have mainly been focused on the neural retinas [1][2][3][4][5][6]. There have been a few reports [7][8][9] about RPE differentiation: RPE apical processes develop themselves to wrap the outer segments of photoreceptors, and they maintain the activities of photore ceptors thereafter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Observations of the Apical Surface of Chick Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Morioka

Hirosawa²

1989

Ophthalmic Res

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Chick embryonic retina was examined in order to investigate morphological changes of the apical portion of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Whole retina and RPE sheets were observed by fluorescence microscopy (rhodamine-phalloidin preparation) and transmission electron microscopy. Photoreceptor cells had no inner and outer segments on the 8th day in ovo. The inner segments have been formed on the 15th day and the outer segments on the 19th day. RPE sheets had short and blunt apical processes on the 8th day, elongated and slender ones on the 15th day, and well-developed and melanin-containing processes on the 19th day. RPE of the 19th day had numerous bundles of actin filaments associated with melanin pigments in the basal portion of the apical processes and in the apical cytoplasm. In rhodamine-phalloidin preparations, intense fluorescence was localized in the RPE apical processes and cytoplasm on the 19th day. We concluded that RPE apical processes develop in accordance with the photoreceptor development.

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Localization of choline acetyltransferase‐like immunoreactivity in the embryonic chick retina

Spira

Millar

Ishimoto

et al. 1987

J of Comparative Neurology

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Putative sites of acetylcholine synthesis in the retina of the embryonic and posthatched chick were localized immunohistochemically with antisera to choline acetyltransferase; the resultant choline acetyltransferase-like immunoreactivity (ChAT-IR) was compared to demonstrated sites of acetyltransferase (AChE) activity, and changes were followed in localization during development. The results confirmed the early and rapid course of development of the chick's retinal cholinergic system described in previous biochemical and morphological studies. Immunoreactivity was first detected at embryonic day 6.5 in cells close to the retina's vitreal surface. By 8 days it was present in cells in two juxtaposed rows; by the ninth day the two rows were separated and immunoreactivity was evident in two subliminae of the inner plexiform layer. On the tenth day distribution was like that in the posthatched chicken, in type I cholinergic cells in the inner nuclear layer and in type II cells in the ganglion cell layer (Millar et al.: Neurosci. Lett. 61:311-316, '85), and similar to that of most vertebrates. Three days before hatching, a third population of weakly immunoreactive cells (type III cells) appeared within the inner nuclear layer. The onset of localizable ChAT-IR occurred in amacrine cells and in their processes, before the period of synaptogenesis. Acetylcholinesterase activity was localized at an earlier age than ChAT-IR, and at all ages was present in more cells. The results obtained support the view that "displaced" cholinergic amacrine cells begin to differentiate at the same time and in the same retinal region as type I cholinergic cells. Separation of the two groups is a consequence of the ramification of processes of amacrine and ganglion cells rather than a result of the secondary migration of cells between layers.

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Ultrastructural localization of acetylcholinesterase activity in the developing chick retina.

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Neurochemical phenotype and birthdating of specific cell populations in the chick retina

Neurochemical phenotype and birthdating of specific cell populations in the chick retina

Morphological Observations of the Apical Surface of Chick Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Localization of choline acetyltransferase‐like immunoreactivity in the embryonic chick retina

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